Alaska Subsistence A National Park Service Management History

Alaska Department of Fish and Game Collection, Anchorage. (ADF&G, Anchorage)

Alaska State Archives, Juneau. (ASA)

Denver Public Library, Western History Collection, Conservation Library, Theodor R. Swem Collection.

National Archives and Records Administration, College Park, MD. (NARA DC)

National Park Service, Alaska Support Office (Anchorage), Subsistence Files (AKSO-RS)

Alaska Planning Group, Final Environmental Statement for various proposed park units (Washington?, the author), October 1974-February 1975. The text cites the following FESs: Aniakchak, Cape Krusenstern, Chukchi-Imuruk, Gates of the Arctic, Harding Icefield-Kenai Fjords, Katmai Additions, Kobuk Valley, Lake Clark, and Mount McKinley Additions.

Been, Frank T., Field Notes of Katmai National Monument Inspection, November 12, 1940.

Belous, Robert, Subsistence Use of New Parklands in Alaska (Interim Report), November 10, 1973.

Brown, William E., A History of the Denali-Mount McKinley Region, Alaska (Santa Fe, NPS), 1991.

Brown, William E., Gaunt Beauty, Tenuous Life; Historic Resources Study, Gates of the Arctic National Park and Preserve (n.p., NPS), January 1988.

Catton, Theodore, Land Reborn; A History of Administration and Visitor Use in Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve (Anchorage, NPS), 1995.

Catton, Theodore, Wonderland; An Administrative History of Mount Rainier National Park (Seattle, NPS), May 1996.

Clemens, Janet and Frank Norris, Building in an Ashen Land; Katmai National Park and Preserve Historic Resource Study (Anchorage, NPS), 1999.

Cockrell, Ron, Grand Portage National Monument, Minnesota: An Administrative History (Omaha, NPS), 1983.

Cook, Linda and Frank Norris, A Stern and Rock-Bound Coast; Kenai Fjords National Park Historic Resource Study (Anchorage, NPS), 1998.

Federal Field Committee for Development Planning in Alaska, Alaska Natives and the Land (Washington, GPO), 1968.

Federal Subsistence Board (FSB), Subsistence Management for Federal Public Lands in Alaska, Draft Environmental Impact Statement (DEIS) (Anchorage, F&WS), October 1991.

Federal Subsistence Board (FSB), Subsistence Management for Federal Public Lands in Alaska, Final Environmental Impact Statement (EIS), 2 vols. (Anchorage, F&WS), February 1992.

Federal Subsistence Board (FSB), Subsistence Management for Federal Public Lands in Alaska, Record of Decision (Anchorage, F&WS), April 1992.

Gerhard, Bob, and Dave Nelson, A Summary of the Batzulnetas Fishery, revised draft, May 2000.

Goldschmidt, Walter R. and Theodore H. Haas, Possessory Rights of the Natives of Southeastern Alaska (Washington, DC, Bureau of Indian Affairs), 1946.

Hussey, John A., Embattled Katmai; A History of Katmai National Monument (San Francisco, NPS), August 1971.

Kunkel, Kyran, Harry Bader, and Steve Ulvi, "A Suggested Legal and Biological Framework for Managing Natural and Healthy Fish and Wildlife Populations in National Park System Units in Alaska,' February 3, 1999.

Kunz, Michael and Keith Troxel, Anaktuvuk Pass All-Terrain Vehicle Study, 1986-1988; a Narrative Report of Field Operations and Dispersed ATV Use (Anchorage, NPS), 1989.

Louter, David, Contested Terrain; North Cascades National Park Service Complex, An Administrative History (Seattle, NPS), 1998.

Mackintosh, Barry, The National Parks: Shaping the System (Washington, NPS), 1985.

Marshall, Richard and Larry Peterson, A Review of the Existing Alaska Department of Fish and Game Advisory System and a Determination of its Adquacy in Fulfilling the Secretary of the Interior's and the Secretary of Agriculture's Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act Title VIII Responsibilities (Anchorage, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service), June 1991.

Natural Resources Advisory Council [NPS], "A Definition of Natural and Healthy as Used in the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act," February 26, 1998.

National Park Service, Alaska Cultural Complex, A Reconnaissance Report, June 1968.

_____, The Alaska Journey; One Hundred and Fifty Years of the Department of the Interior in Alaska (Anchorage, USDI), 1999.

_____, Alaska System Support Office, Natural Resource Program Review, "Reinventing Natural Resources Management," February 1996.

_____, Budget Justification Book, for Fiscal Year 1981.

_____, Draft Environmental Impact Statement for various proposed park units (Washington?, the author), December 1973. The text cites the following DEISs: Chukchi-Imuruk, Gates of the Arctic, Kobuk Valley, and Wrangell-St. Elias.

_____, Draft Legislative Environmental Impact Statement, All-Terrain Vehicles for Subsistence Use, Gates of the Arctic National Park and Preserve (Anchorage, the author), January 1991.

_____, Draft Review of Subsistence Law and NPS Regulations, September 26, 1995.

_____, Final Legislative Environmental Impact Statement, All-Terrain Vehicles for Subsistence Use, Gates of the Arctic National Park and Preserve (Anchorage, the author), February 1992.

_____, Record of Decision, Final Legislative Environmental Impact Statement, All-Terrain Vehicles for Subsistence Use, Gates of the Arctic National Park and Preserve (Anchorage, the author), October 20, 1992.

_____, Gates of the Arctic SRC Newsletter, 1992-1993. Written by Steve Ulvi.

_____, General Management Plan, Land Protection Plan, and Wilderness Suitability Review for the following park units (Denver, NPS), December 1986. The text cites the following GMPs: Aniakchak National Monument and Preserve, Cape Krusenstern National Monument, Denali National Park and Preserve, Gates of the Arctic National Park and Preserve, Kobuk Valley National Park, and Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve.

_____, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve General Management Plan (Denver, the author), September 1984.

_____, Glacier Bay Update (several issues), 1999.

_____, Historic Listing of National Park Service Officials, May 1, 1991.

_____, Lake Clark National Park and Preserve General Management Plan and Environmental Assessment (Anchorage, the author), August 1984.

_____, Management Policies (Washington, the author), December 1988.

_____, Mentasta Caribou Herd Cooperative Management Plan, June 1995.

_____, The National Parks: Index (Washington?, the author). The text cites the following editions: 1997-1999 (published in 1997) and 1999-2001 (published in 1999).

_____, Native Alaskan Heritage Centers; A Proposal, c. 1972

_____, Recommendations Regarding Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act 17(d)(2) Withdrawals, July 1972.

_____, Subsistence Management Plan (Anchorage, the author), 1998-2001. SMPs cited in the text are as follows: Aniakchak National Monument and Preserve, January 3, 2001; Denali National Park and Preserve, February 6, 1999 and August 18, 2000; Gates of the Arctic National Park and Preserve, January 25, 2000; Lake Clark National Park and Preserve, October 5, 2000; and Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve, September 30, 1999 and November 3, 2000.

_____, Subsistence Management Program ("issues paper"); editions of July 3, 1997 (draft) and August 18, 1997 (final).

_____, Traditional Subsistence Use Areas: Information Necessary for Making a Determination for Gates of the Arctic National Park (draft), April 18, 1999. Written by Don Callaway, Paul Hunter, and Steve Ulvi.

_____, Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve Resource Management Plan, August 1993.

Norris, Frank B., Isolated Paradise; An Administrative History of the Katmai and Aniakchak National Park Units (Anchorage, NPS), 1996.

_____, Legacy of the Gold Rush; An Administrative History of Klondike Gold Rush National Historical Park (Anchorage, NPS), 1996.

[Spirtes, David], "Legal and Biological Framework for Managing Natural and Healthy Populations of Fish and Wildlife Under ANILCA," c. January 2001.

Stieglitz, Walt, "Federal Agency Guidelines for Receiving and Responding to Regional Advisory Council Annual Reports" (draft), August 26, 1988.

Sub-Committee for the Development of a Blueprint for Interagency Functions, Roles, and Responsibilities, Federal Subsistence Fisheries Management: Operational Strategy for Information Management, c. August 2, 1999.

Subcommittee on Organizational Structure, Staffing, and Budget, Federal Subsistence Fisheries Management: Organizational Structure and Program Strategy, drafts completed August 16, 1999, August 30, 1999, and September 9, 1999.

Sumner, Lowell, Special Report on the Hunting Rights of the Hoonah Natives in Glacier Bay National Monument, (NPS, Region Four), August 1947, in Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve Archives.

U.S. Department of the Interior, 1983 806 Report, ANILCA and Related History, January 10, 1984.

U.S. Department of the Interior, Final Environmental Supplement, Alternative Administrative Actions, Alaska National Interest Lands (Washington, the author), c. 1978.

U.S. Department of the Interior, Proposed Noatak National Ecological Range, Draft Environmental Impact Statement (Washington?, the author), December 1973.

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Section 806 Monitoring Report, editions of 1985, 1986, 1988, and 1989.

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Subsistence Management and Use: Implementation of Title VIII of ANILCA, final report (also known as the Section 813 Report), March 1985.

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Office of Subsistence Management, Federal Subsistence Regional Advisory Council Operations Manual (Anchorage, the author), April 1995.

Wallace, David Rains, Yellowstone, A Natural and Human History, Official National Park Handbook (Harpers Ferry, WV, NPS), c. 1999.

Williss, G. Frank, "Do Things Right the First Time": The National Park Service and the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act of 1980 (Denver, NPS), September 1985.

Anderson, Douglas, Ray Bane, Richard K. Nelson, Wanni Anderson, and Nita Sheldon, Kuuvangmiit; Traditional Subsistence Living in the Latter Twentieth Century, January 21, 1976.

Ashby, Christopher S., The Blackfeet Agreement of 1895 and Glacier National Park: A Case History, unpub. M.A. thesis, University of Montana, 1985.

Catton, Ted, "Ecology and Alaska's National Parks," paper given at the Alaska Environmental History Conference, Anchorage, August 2, 1998.

Alaska Boards of Fisheries and Game, Proposed Regulatory Changes Governing Subsistence Use of Fish and Game Resources, Advisory Committee Bylaws and Regional Resource Councils, to be Considered in Anchorage, Alaska, from March 24 Through March 28, 1979, c. March 1979.

Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Annual Report No. 11 (for 1959).

Alaska Department of Fish and Game, 1978 Annual Report.

Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Documentation of Traditional and Subsistence Access in Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve: A Review of Existing Source Materials, June 1994.

Alaska Department of Fisheries, Annual Report No. 2 (Juneau, the author), 1950.

Alaska Department of Fisheries, Annual Report No. 3 (Juneau, the author), 1951.

Alaska House Bill History, editions of 1979-1980, 1981-1982, 1983-1984, 1985-1986, 1991-1992, and 1997-1998.

Alaska House of Representatives, Interim Committee on Subsistence, Final Report of the Interim Committee on Subsistence, Alaska Tenth Legislature, Second Session, c. January 1978

Alaska House of Representatives, Special Committee on Subsistence, Final Report on Activities During the 1979 Interim, January 25, 1980.

Alaska House of Representatives, Special Committee on Subsistence, Draft Report of the Special Committee on Subsistence; History and Implementation of Ch. 151 SLA 1978, the State's Subsistence Law, May 15, 1981.

Alaska House of Representatives, Special Committee on Subsistence, Interim Committee Newsletter No. 4, September 1979.

Alaska Senate Bill History, editions of 1989-1990, 1991-1992, and 1995-1996.

Alaska Territorial Governor, Annual Report of the Governor of Alaska to the Secretary of the Interior for the Fiscal Year Ended June 30, editions of 1910 through 1930.

Hall, Edwin S., Jr., Craig Gerlach, and Margaret B. Blackman, In the National Interest: A Geographically Based Study of Anaktuvuk Pass Inupiat Subsistence Through Time, 2 vols. (Barrow, AK, North Slope Borough), 1985.

Haynes, Terry L., David B. Anderson, and William E. Simeone, Denali National Park and Preserve: Ethnographic Overview and Assessment (Fairbanks, NPS/ADF&G), 2001.

Haynes, Terry, and Stan Walker, Pilot Project; Documenting Traditional and Subsistence Access in Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve, November 1995.

Kelso, Dennis, Technical Overview of the State's Subsistence Program, ADF&G Division of Subsistence Technical Paper Number 64, 1981.

Moore, Gregory D., Issue Background: Buckland Food Shortage, ADF&G Division of Subsistence Technical Paper Number 7, September 1979.

Schroeder, Robert F. and Matthew Kookesh, Subsistence Harvest and Use of Fish and Wildlife Resources and the Effects of Forest Management in Hoonah, ADF&G Technical Paper No. 142, November 1990.

Wolfe, Robert J., and James Magdanz, The Sharing, Distribution, and Exchange of Wild Resources in Alaska (ADF&G, Division of Subsistence), January 1993.

Zahn, Mil, "Advisory Committees; a Report to the Boards of Fisheries and Game," November 18, 1981.

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Federal Register, issues of December 5 and 26, 1978; June 28, 1979; January 19, 1981; June 17, 1981; April 3, 1984; January 11, 1985; May 19, 1986; July 18, 1986; September 19, 1986; December 31, 1987; June 9, 1989; April 13, 1990; June 8 and 29, 1990; September 25, 1990; October 25 and 30, 1990; January 3, 1991; August 5, 1991; September 13, 1991; October 17, 1991; December 5 and 9, 1991; January 30, 1992; February 25, 1992; May 7, 28 and 29, 1992; June 1, 1993; August 13 and 31, 1993; March 7 and 29, 1994; June 27, 1994; July 7, 1994; November 15, 1994; February 2, 1995; April 14, 1995; December 5, 1995; April 4, 1996; July 5, 1996; December 17, 1997; January 8, 1999; July 1, 1999; August 2, 1999; October 20, 1999; September 13, 2000.

Joint Boards of Fisheries and Game, Resolution 81-1-JB, December 1, 1981.

Master Memorandum of Understanding Between the Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Juneau, Alaska and the U.S. National Park Service, Department of the Interior, Anchorage, Alaska, October 14, 1982.

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U.S. Congress, Public Law 96-487, Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act ("an act to provide for the designation and conservation of certain public lands in the State of Alaska, including the designation of units of the National Park, National Wildlife Refuge, National Forest, National Wild and Scenic Rivers, and National Wilderness Preservation Systems, and for other purposes"), 94 Stat. 2371-2551, December 2, 1980.

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Game Commission, Regulations Relating to Game and Fur Animals, Birds, and Game Fishes in Alaska, Regulatory Announcement 43 (Washington, D.C., the author), June 1954.

U.S. House of Representatives, Bill H.R. 39 in the 95th Congress: versions of January 4, 1977; October 12, 1977; October 28, 1977; February 15, 1978; May 19, 1978;

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U.S. House of Representatives, Anaktuvuk Pass Land Exchange and Wilderness Redesignation Act of 1994 (Report No. 103-796), October 3, 1994.

U.S. House of Representatives, Anaktuvuk Pass Land Exchange and Wilderness Redesignation Act of 1995 (Report No. 104-8), January 27, 1995.

U.S. Senate, Alaska National Interest Lands; Report of the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, United States Senate, Together with Additional Views to Accompany H.R. 39 (Report No. 96-413), 96th Congress, 1st Session (Washington, D.C., GPO), 1979.

U.S. Senate, Designating Certain Lands in the State of Alaska as Units of the National Park, National Wildlife Refuge, National Wild and Scenic River, and National Wilderness Preservation Systems, and for Other Purposes; Report of the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, Report No. 95-1300 (Washington, D.C., GPO), 1978.

U.S. Senate, Anaktuvuk Pass Land Exchange and Wilderness Redesignation Act of 1994 (Report 103-425), November 30, 1994.

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