Date |
Native Group |
Location |
Notes |
Source |
|
|
1750 |
Apache |
San Antonio |
Memorial of Fr. Mariano de los
Dolores states this nation comes nearly every day with pelts, buffalo, dried
meat & etc.; they have been marrying the Indians of San Antonio. |
QA 1750a |
|
|
|
Ypandi (Ypani), Nataje, Julime |
El Camino del Rio Grande |
Fr. Franciso Silva & others
were killed on this road; the Ypandi came to advise Spanish of it; states
that Nataje & Julime went to avenge their deaths. |
|
|
|
1750 |
Apache |
Apache territory |
Fr. Benitto Francisco, states
that the Apache territory stretches from Coahuila to the eastern part of
Nueva Viscaya, to north of the French Quaudachas, to east of the province of
Texas and west to the province of New Mexico. Also states that the land north
of San Xavier is unpopulated. |
QA 1750b |
|
|
1750 |
Apache |
San Xavier missions in Milam
County |
Father Benito Fernandez de Santa
Ana wrote that one Apache chief was Captain Boca Comida.Footnote notes that
in 1759, a Lipan ca. 20 years old, was living in San Antonio & listed as
"son of the old Captain Boca Comida." |
Hadley et al. 1997:485 |
|
|
|
Apache |
San Antonio |
Fray Diego Martin Garcia wrote
to Father Benito that theApache nation came here with 100 people. He reported
that Boca Comida "and the others…were now ready to come to Guadalupe
with all of their people to live in a mission." They also noted that
many had died in March 1749 of smallpox. |
Hadley et al. 1997:486 |
|
|
|
|
|
Apache |
Rio Pedernales |
Father
Benito noted that the "Rio Pedernales constitutes a necessary crossing
point that enables the Apaches to come and go from San Antonio to their land.
There is no other pass or trail, except for the Puerto de la Bandera, and
that one is inferior to the Pedernales." |
Hadley et al. 1986:489 |
|
|
1753 |
Kiowa, Comanche |
20 miles N of Santa Fe |
A captive at Santa Cruz is
questioned. She states that she was captured by Comanche from her native
Kiowa village which was in New Mexico. |
Gunnerson and Gunnerson 1988:11 |
|
|
1754 |
Pamaque |
Coahuila |
Complaint from San Juan
Capistrano that Mission Vicarron is converting Pamaque in Coahuila although
they are from Texas and should be left in Texas. Pamaque = "people of
the south" or "people from below" |
QA 1754 |
|
|
|
Orejone |
San Antonio |
Letter states this was the
founding nation at San Juan. |
|
|
|
|
Pausane |
Vicarron |
Letter states this was the founding nation at Vicarron. |
|
|
|
|
Pamaque |
San Antonio |
Letter states that had long ties
w/Orejones; they intermarry & speak the Orejon language; they are cited
in mission registers from 1733-1735. |
|
|
|
|
Piguique |
San Antonio |
This nation was present at San
Juan from 1747. |
|
|
|
|
Tenipajuai |
Vicarron |
Tenipajaui present at Vicarron
from 1743; said to be one of the Pamaque nations. |
|
|
|
|
Tenipajuai |
Vicarron |
Letter states this nation is a
nacion of the Pamaques. |
|
|
|
|
Sarapjone |
|
Letter states this nation is a
nacion of the Pamaques. |
|
|
|
|
Camasqua |
|
Letter states this nation is a
nacion of the Pamaques. |
|
|
|
|
Tagnaguane |
|
Letter states this nation is a
nacion of the Pamaques. |
|
|
|
|
Biayane (Viayame) |
|
Letter states this nation is a
nacion of the Pamaques. |
|
|
|
1756 |
Yuta, Comanche |
San Saba |
A report of priests based on
interviews with natives who have come to San Francisco states that San Saba
is the entry into Coahuila of these nations who live to the north. |
QA 1756 |
|
|
|
Natage, Pelone, Mezcalero,
Ypandi, Come Nopal, Come Cavallo |
Rio Grande Missions |
In 1755, these Apache nations
came here to ask for peace. |
|
|
|
1758 |
Comanche |
San Saba |
Testimony on the attack on San
Saba states that a Comanche chief was one of the principals; Tejas,
Tangangue, and Vidae were some of the other participating nations |
QA, legado 6, |
|
|
1758 |
Comanche, Tejas, Tancague and
others of this northern land |
San Saba |
Col. Ortiz Parrilla wrote,
"I am writing to promptly notify your reverences of the…treacherous
cruelty perpetrated by [these] heathens" on the Apache nation. |
Hadley et al. 1997:513 |
|
|
|
Apache |
San Saba |
He
states that the Apache need to stay far away and that they are now residing
on rivers far away from here. |
|
|
|
1763 |
Lipan Apache |
Rio Grande Missions |
Report written at the mission
states Lipan have been present here for a year; 300+ in population. Their
leader is Cabeson; some other Apache are at this mission under Supato Borado
& El Boruca. |
QA 1763 |
|
|
|
Lipan Apache |
Rio Puerco, Candelaria |
Mission N.S. de la Candelaria
had another 500+ Lipan with Turneo as captain; it is said that Lipan number
ca. 2,000. |
|
|
|
1766 |
Lipan |
Del Rio |
Map from the British Museum
shows the Lipan where the San Rodrigo confluences with the Rio Grande, just
west of Del Rio. |
UTEP, special collections |
|
|
|
Natagee |
Pecos
River |
Same map shows this nation at
Pecos confluence with the Rio Grande. |
|
|
|
1770s |
Wichita |
Brazos, Red, & Wichita rivers |
Athanase de Mezieres reports
Wichita living along these rivers in north-central Texas. |
Gunnerson & Gunnerson 1988 |
|
|
|
1772 |
Mescalero |
Bolson de Mapimi |
O'Conor wages campaign against
the Mescalero in the bolson. |
Moorehead 1968:34 |
|
|
1772, May |
Lipan |
Nadadores & San Buenaventura |
300 Lipan attack Nadadores &
San Buenaventura, along with a number of haciendas in Coahuila. |
Moorehead 1968:36 |
|
|
1773 |
Apache Lipan |
Pecos River |
Military map of Nueva Espana,
showing this group northeast of conf. of Pecos/Rio Grande. The Pecos is
called the "Salado o de Apaches del Nataje que la Fora lo llama del
Pecho y Danville de los 7 Rios." ["The River of Salt or of the
Apaches of Nataje which La Fora calls the River of Perch and Danville calls
the River of the Apaches of Seven Rivers"] |
Archivo Militar de Espana
(personal copy w/ Kenmotsu) |
|
|
|
Apache Juman |
Pecos River |
The map shows this group just
north of Apache Lipane on the east side of Pecos. |
|
|
|
|
Apache Nataje |
Pecos River |
The map also shows this group to
north of Apaches Lipanes, east side of Pecos. |
|
|
|
|
Apache Nataje & Mescalero |
Pecos River |
This nation is shown on same map
on west side of Pecos. |
|
|
|
1773 June |
Mescalero |
Mouth of the Pecos River |
Spanish cross the Rio Grande at
this location to accost Mescalero. 12 leagues north of the confluence, they
engaged the Indians in a battle. |
AGI PI, vol 22:405 |
|
|
1775, Oct |
Apache |
Rio San Pedro (Devils River), Rio
Grande |
Ugarte encounters Apache 70
miles up the Rio Grande from San Juan Bautista and eventually routes them
from the Rio San Pedro. |
Moorehead 1968:38 |
|
|
1778 |
Natage, Mescalero, Lipan |
Road between Chihuahua & San
Antonio |
Croix's party is attacked by 600
warriors of these Apache bands. |
Marino in John & Wheat
1991:146 |
|
|
|
|
1780 |
|
San Fernando de Austria |
Mission Agua Verde is moved to
this location. |
|
|
|
1784 |
Yervipiame, Paragua, Supxame,
Xararame, Szama, Payaya, also some Yuta, Sciagua, Tov, Tamique |
San Antonio de Valero |
Fr. Jose Francisco Lopez report
describing which nations were at which mission; reported that there were 52
people at mission; most spoke Spanish as they had intermarried with mulatos
& mestizos & were now called Coyote. |
QA 1784 |
|
|
|
Paxalate, Sciqulupile, Sampao,
Pacao, Tacame, Borrado, Manos de Perros |
Mission Concepcion |
He states that Paxalate were
erroneously called Paxalache; the Paxalate language is most common; pop. is
71 |
|
|
|
|
Pampepa, Pavtitas, Borrado |
Mission San Jose |
Their population was 138 at this
time. |
|
|
|
|
Pamaque, Orejone, Marahuimayo |
Mission San Juan |
Their population was 58 at this
time. |
|
|
|
|
Pacao, Borrado, Marahuito |
Mission Espada |
Their population was 57 at this
time. the Red; Comanches could be found to the south |
|
|
|
1787 |
Mescalero |
Sabinas River, Presidio del Norte |
Ugalde finds Mescalero between
these two locations. |
Moorehead 1968:235 |
|
|
1788, Jan |
Comanche |
San Saba River |
Mares encounters camp of
Comanche at this locale under leadership of Tocinaquinte |
Kavanaugh 1996:137, and table
4.1 |
|
|
|
|
1788,
March |
Comanche |
Brazos River |
Mares meets other Comanche in
this vicinity under the leadership of Sofais (Chiojas) & Quenarecante |
Kavanaugh 1996:137, table 4.1 |
|
|
1789, Aug |
Mescalero, Lipiyane |
Piedras Negras, San Antonio, San
Saba |
Ugalde
attacks these two groups in these three locations. |
Moorhead 1968:255 |
|
|
1789, Aug |
Mescalero, Lipiyan, Lipan |
Frio River |
Other
Spanish troops, together with the Comanche, attack these three Apache bands
along the Frio River. |
Moorhead 1968:255 |
|
|
1790 |
Kiowa, Comanche |
Red River |
These two tribes agree to
co-exist; Kiowa above the Red; Comanche to the south. |
Transactions, ICC 1974:42 |
|
|
1790, fall |
Mescalero, Lipan |
Nueces River |
The Mescalero, on their fall
bison hunt, find the Lipan butchering bison on the Nueces River. |
Moorhead 1968:267 |
|
|
|
|
|