GRAND PORTAGE
An Archeological Survey of Development Projects Within Grand Portage National Monument, Cook County, Minnesota 		NPS Logo

Appendix B
ARTIFACT INVENTORIES BY PROVENIENCE

GRAND PORTAGE NATIONAL MONUMENT
1988 FACILITIES SURVEY

The archeological team observed numerous Historic period artifacts during the 1988 archeological survey within Grand Portage National Monument. Of the several proposed development areas, however, only one produced materials worthy of collection and further study: Maintenance Alternate #1. Shovel testing revealed an early Historic period site (21CK12) at that location, as well as debris representing more recent occupation or use of the parcel. Two 1-m-by-1-m excavation units yielded additional data.

The collections derived from Maintenance Alternate #1 are listed below according to their provenience. Some of the shovel tests correspond with the 18th-century site proper, whereas others lie outside the inferred site limits. Those shovel tests that represent the site are noted with an asterisk (*). Totals for the 18th-century artifact types are summarized at the end of this appendix. All materials collected as part of the 1988 survey are now curated at the Midwest Archeological Center in Lincoln, Nebraska, under Accession Number 285.

NOTE: Barrel-shaped and donut-shaped seed beads are tumbled. Most tubular seed beads are not.

Test Unit 1

Level 1:

1 automobile mirror frame
4 wrought nails
4 iron staples
1 iron washer
1 sheet iron
1 large cuprous kettle rim
1 heavy iron hardware
1 fragmentary iron ring
1 lead scrap
70 automobile windshield glass
398 flat clear glass (probable auto windshield)
2 clear bottle glass
2 amber bottle glass
3 rocks

Level 2:

8 wrought nails
4 wrought nail fragments
1 wire nail
2 iron washers
1 sheet iron
1 lead splatter
1 lead shot
1 .45 cal. center fire cartridge
1 gunflint chip
3 deep red transparent tubular seed beads
9 white tubular seed beads
14 compound white barrel-shaped seed beads with clear veneer
1 burnt orange barrel-shaped seed bead
1 white clay pipestem fragment (bore: 5/64)
2 whiteware bowl rimsherds
1 whiteware body sherd
4 white porcelain bowl body sherds
8 green bottle glass
3 amber bottle glass
3 automobile windshield glass
108 flat clear glass (probable auto windshield)
4 automobile mirror sherds
1 shale
7 mammal bone
4 calcined bone

Level 3:

3 wrought nails
1 iron washer fragment
7 white porcelain body sherds
2 white clay pipestems (bore: 5/64)
4 compound white barrel-shaped seed beads with clear veneer
1 white tubular seed bead
232 automobile windshield glass
1 flat clear glass
5 thick flat clear glass (crizzled)
2 amber bottle glass
3 green bottle glass
1 quartzite

Level 3 (organic zone):

9 white barrel-shaped seed beads
1 deep red transparent tubular seed bead
3 calcined bone

Level 4:

1 whiteware rim sherd
80 flat clear glass (probable auto windshield)
2 green bottle glass
1 amber bottle glass
6 white tubular seed beads
5 compound white barrel-shaped seed beads with clear veneer
4 plaster?

Level 4 (organic zone):

2 chert nodules (glacial?)

Test Unit 2

Level 1:

1 wrought nail
1 wire nail
2 crown cap bottle closure fragments
2 foil bottle closure liners
1 whiteware body sherd
1 annular banded whiteware rim sherd
1 blue transparent tubular seed bead
1 white tubular seed bead
2 compound white barrel-shaped seed beads
2 blue transparent barrel-shaped seed beads
5 flat clear glass
3 clear bottle glass
1 burned gunspall fragment
1 bone
1 calcined bone
2 blue plastic

Level 2:

14 cut nails
15 cut nail fragments
1 iron staple
1 iron tableware handle
16 iron scrap
3 crown cap bottle closures
7 crown cap bottle closure fragments
4 foil bottle closure liners
1 twisted wire loop
1 .22 cal. rim fire cartridge
1 .38 cal. center fire cartridge
1 2-piece pewter button with engraved face (dia: 19mm)
1 aluminum foil wrapper
1 hard rubber comb fragment
2 white clay pipestems (bore: 5/64 & 6/64)
1 white clay pipebowl fragment
4 whiteware body sherds
6 blue transfer-printed white ware body sherds
3 blue transfer-printed white ware rimsherds
2 annular banded yellowware body sherds
2 annular banded yellowware rim sherds
1 Rockingham glazed yellowware body sherd
20 flat clear glass
12 flat clear glass with blue tint
1 flat clear glass with green tint
32 clear bottle glass
4 clear bottle glass with blue tint
3 amber bottle glass
1 green bottle glass
1 melted glass
79 blue transparent tubular seed beads
104 blue transparent barrel-shaped seed beads
39 white tubular seed beads
65 white barrel-shaped seed beads
8 tiny white donut-shaped seed beads
2 tiny green donut-shaped seed beads
2 tiny blue donut-shaped seed beads
2 tiny red-on-white donut-shaped seed beads
6 fused lumps of blue and white seed beads
9 bone (1 saw-cut)
3 calcined bone
4 slag (42 g)
14 burned gunflint chips
1 peach pit

Level 3:

7 wrought nails
12 wrought nail fragments
1 iron hafting ring
2 cuprous tinkling cones
1 white clay pipe stem (bore: 5/64)
5 burned gunspall fragments
20 burned gunspall chips
1 black gunspall chip
1 hard rubber comb fragment
6 flat clear glass
7 clear bottle glass
1 clear embossed panel bottle glass
5 green bottle glass
6 melted green glass
2 clear melted glass
3 burned bone utensil handle fragments with cross-hatched incising
9 calcined bone (1 fish vertebra)
2 slag (8 g)
69 white tubular seed beads
200 white barrel-shaped seed beads
126 blue transparent tubular seed beads
228 blue transparent barrel-shaped seed beads
3 Cornaline d'Allepo seed beads
5 tiny white donut-shaped seed beads
2 tiny blue donut-shaped seed beads
2 tiny red-on-white donut-shaped seed beads
50 fused lumps of blue and white seed beads
1 shell wampum bead

Level 4:

2 wrought nails
3 cut nails
3 nail fragments
2 iron scrap
1 lead shot
5 burned gunspall fragments
17 burned gunspall chips
1 pearlware body sherd
2 blue transfer-printed white ware body sherds
5 flat clear glass
2 clear bottle glass
2 clear melted glass
50 blue transparent tubular seed beads
121 blue transparent barrel-shaped seed beads
15 fused lumps of blue seed beads
104 white tubular seed beads
27 white barrel-shaped seed beads
2 fused lumps of white seed beads
3 tiny white donut-shaped seed beads
2 tiny blue donut-shaped seed beads
1 tiny clear donut-shaped seed beads
1 fused sand or daub (12 g)
10 slag (90 g)
2 charred wood (12 g)
5 calcined bone

Level 5:

1 cut nail fragment
1 cuprous wire vent prick
1 burned gunspall
2 burned gunspall chips
4 flat clear glass
1 thick clear glass (crizzled)
9 white tubular seed beads
28 compound white barrel-shaped seed beads with clear veneer
15 blue transparent tubular seed beads
18 blue transparent barrel-shaped seed beads
9 burned blue barrel-shaped seed beads
4 fused lumps of blue seed beads
1 fused lump of white seed beads
3 calcined bone
4 fused sand or daub (14 g)
1 melted yellow plastic

Level 6:

3 blue transparent barrel-shaped seed beads
2 white barrel-shaped seed beads
1 mass of organic material (seeds?)

Site Shovel Tests

ST 1:

1 whiteware
2 flat clear glass
1 quartzite
1 mammal bone

ST 3:

2 iron bucket rim fragments
1 wrought nail
1 cut nail
1 round-headed bolt
1 rolled iron scrap
264 flat clear glass (probable auto windshield)

Transect Shovel Tests

ST 1-2:

2 flat clear glass
1 slate

ST 1-3:

1 solarized storage jar
1 solarized storage jar neck with lightning closure

ST 1-4:

1 clear bottle neck with improved-tool finish
2 rocks

ST 1-5 (*):

1 wrought nail
1 white clay pipestem (bore: 5/64)
1 bulbar-arm silver trade cross
1 flat clear glass
1 green bottle glass

ST 1-6 (*):

2 solarized bottle glass
1 clear bottle glass

ST 1-7 (*):

1 wrought spike
1 wrought nail fragment

ST 1-8 (*):

1 wrought nail fragment
1 .45 cal. center fire cartridge
1 burned gunspall fragment
3 burned gunspall chips
1 clear storage jar base
1 green bottle glass
1 flat clear glass
1 whiteware body sherd
1 rosary bead
2 blue barrel-shaped seed beads
3 white barrel-shaped seed beads
1 white tubular seed bead
1 deep red tubular seed bead
1 deep red barrel-shaped seed bead

ST 1-9:

14 clear Mason jar glass (4 with embossed lettering)
2 clear bottle glass neck fragments with fully-automatic finish and cork closure
3 amber bottle glass

ST 2-5 (*):

1 Bristol glazed stoneware bottle lip fragment
1 white clay pipestem (bore: 6/64)

ST 2-7:

3 wire nails
1 flat clear glass
2 wood

ST 3-2:

1 rock

Early Historic Period Artifact Totals

wrought nails 27
wrought nail fragments 16
wrought spike 1
lead shot 2
lead scrap/splatter 2
cuprous vent prick 1
cuprous kettle rim 1
cuprous tinkling cones 2
pewter button 1
small silver cross 1
white clay pipestem 6
white clay pipebowl 1
gunspall 1
gunspall fragments 12
gunspall chips 58
seed beads 1,394
tubular 515
white 239
blue 271
deep red 5
barrel-shaped 851
white 359
blue 487
deep red 1
burnt orange 1
Cornaline d'Allepo 3
tiny donut-shaped 28
white 15
blue 6
red-on-white 4
clear 1
green 2
fused seed bead lumps 78
white 3
blue 19
blue and white 56
shell wampum 1
rosary bead 1

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