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HISTORIC HIGHWAY BRIDGES OF OREGON
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APPENDIX D
BRIDGES BY STRUCTURAL TYPE
The list classifies the bridges shown in this document by the structural type of the main or center span. Specific types follow the five general types-truss, arch, suspension, moveable, and slab, beam and girder. Within each specific type, the bridges are arranged chronologically by date of construction and then alphabetically (if several bridges were constructed in the same year). The historic highway bridges, those determined eligible for or listed on the National Register, are printed in bold type. The reserve bridges and notable post-1940 constructed bridges, not considered National Register eligible, are shown in regular type.
*The 51 covered bridges in the document are cumulatively contained in these types: Timber Through Truss (Howe), Timber Through Truss (Kingpost), Timber Through Truss (Queenpost), Timber Deck Girder, and Steel Through Girder.
Truss
TIMBER DECK TRUSS (HOWE)
Santiam River (Cascadia Park) Bridge, Linn County, 1928.TIMBER THROUGH TRUSS (HOWE)
Drift Creek Covered Bridge, Lincoln County, 1914.Rickreall Creek (Pumping Station) Covered Bridge, Polk County, 1916.
Abiqua Creek (Gallon House) Covered Bridge, Marion County, 1917.
Applegate River (McKee) Covered Bridge, Jackson County, 1917.
Alsea River (Hayden) Covered Bridge, Benton County, 1918.
Five Rivers (Fisher School) Covered Bridge, Lincoln County, 1919.
Grave Creek Covered Bridge, Lane County, 1920.
Mosby Creek Covered Bridge, Lane County, 1920.
Lost Creek (Parvin) Covered Bridge, Lane County, 1921.
Sandy River (Remote) Covered Bridge, Coos County, 1921.
Antelope Creek Covered Bridge, Jackson County, 1922.
Coyote Creek (Battle Creek) Covered Bridge, Lane County, 1922.
Pass Creek Covered Bridge, Douglas County, 1925.
Row River (Currin) Covered Bridge, Lane County, 1925.
Wildcat Creek Covered Bridge, Polk County, 1925.
Yaquina River (Chitwood) Covered Bridge, Lincoln County, 1926.
Ritner Creek Covered Bridge, Polk County, 1927.
Lake Creek (Nelson Mountain) Covered Bridge, Lane County, 1928.
Elk Creek (Roaring Camp) Covered Bridge, Douglas County, 1929.
Horse Creek Covered Bridge, Lane County, 1930.
Mosby Creek (Stewart) Covered Bridge, Lane County, 1930.
Calapooia River (Crawfordsville) Covered Bridge, Linn County, 1932.
Deadwood Creek Covered Bridge, Lane County, 1932.
Calapooya Creek (Rochester) Covered Bridge, Douglas County, 1933.
Crabtree (Hoffman) Covered Bridge, Linn County, 1936.
Fall Creek (Unity) Covered Bridge, Lane County, 1936.
Marys River (Harris) Covered Bridge, Benton County, 1936.
Thomas Creek (Hannah) Covered Bridge, Linn County, 1936.
Thomas Creek (Jordan) Covered Bridge, Linn County, 1937.
Thomas Creek (Weddle) Covered Bridge, Linn County, 1937.
Fall Creek (Pengra) Covered Bridge, Lane County, 1938.
McKenzie River (Goodpasture) Covered Bridge, Lane County, 1938.
Mill Creek (Wendling) Covered Bridge, Lane County, 1938.
Mohawk River (Ernest) Covered Bridge, Lane County, 1938.
Crabtree Creek (Larwood) Covered Bridge, Linn County, 1939.
Thomas Creek (Gilkey) Covered Bridge, Linn County, 1939.
Little River (Cavitt Creek) Covered Bridge, Douglas County, 1943.
North Fork of the Middle Fork Willamette River (Office) Covered Bridge, Lane County, 1944.
Middle Fork Willamette River (Lowell) Covered Bridge, Lane County, 1945.
South Fork Santiam River (Short) Covered Bridge, Linn County, 1945.
Crabtree Creek (Bohemian Hall) Covered Bridge, Linn County, 1947.
Row River (Dorena) Covered Bridge, Lane County, 1949.
Willamette Slough (Irish Bend) Covered Bridge, Benton County, 1954.
McKenzie River (Belknap) Covered Bridge, Lane County, 1966.
Thomas Creek (Shimanek) Covered Bridge, Linn County, 1966.
TIMBER THROUGH TRUSS (KINGPOST)
South Myrtle Creek (Neal Lane) Covered Bridge, Douglas County, 1939.TIMBER THROUGH TRUSS (QUEENPOST)
Lost Creek Covered Bridge, Jackson County, 1919.Evans Creek (Wimer) Covered Bridge, Jackson County, 1927.
North Fork Yachats River Covered Bridge, Lincoln County, 1938.
IRON THROUGH TRUSS (PENNSYLVANIA-PETIT)
Bull Run River Bridge, Clackamas County, 1894.Sandy River (Lusted Road) Bridge, Clackamas County, 1894.
STEEL TRUSS (CANTILEVER)
Willamette River (Ross Island) Bridge, Multnomah County, Deck Truss, 1926.Columbia River (Bridge of the Gods), Hood River County (Oregon) and Skamania County (Washington), Through Truss, 1926.
Columbia River (Lewis and Clark) Bridge, Columbia County (Oregon) and Cowlitz County (Washington), Through Truss, 1930.
Coos Bay (McCullough Memorial) Bridge, Coos County, Through Truss, 1936.
Columbia River (Astoria) Bridge, Clatsop County (Oregon) and Pacific County (Washington), Through Truss, 1966.
STEEL THROUGH TRUSS (PARKER)
Owyhee River Bridge, Malheur County, 1906.Rogue River (Robertson) Bridge, Josephine County, Ca. 1909.
Sandy River (Stark Street) Bridge, Multnomah County, 1914.
Clackamas River (Park Place) Bridge, Clackamas County, 1921.
Willamette River (Albany) Bridge, Linn-Benton counties, 1925.
STEEL THROUGH TRUSS (PENNSYLVANIA-PETIT)
Grande Ronde River (Troy) Bridge, Wallowa County, 1910.South Umpqua River (Worthington) Bridge, Douglas County, Ca. 1910.
STEEL DECK TRUSS (PRATT)
Balch Gulch Bridge, Multnomah County, 1905.STEEL PONY TRUSS (PRATT AND VARIATIONS)
Powder River (Myrtle Street) Bridge, Baker County,1920.Rock Creek (Olex) Bridge, Gilliam County, Half-Hip Pratt, Ca. 1905.
Willow Creek (Cecil) Bridge, Morrow County, Half-Hip Pratt, 1909.
STEEL THROUGH TRUSS (PRATT AND VARIATIONS)
Grande Ronde River (Yarrington) Bridge, Union County, 1906.Rhea Creek (Spring Hollow) Bridge, Morrow County, 1909.
Umatilla River (S.E. 8th Street) Bridge, Umatilla County, 1909.
Cow Creek Bridge, Malheur County, Ca. 1910.
South Yamhill River (Steel) Bridge, Polk County, Ca. 1910.
Sandy River (Troutdale) Bridge, Multnomah County, 1912.
Luckiamute River (Grant Road) Bridge, Polk County, 1918.
STEEL PONY TRUSS (QUEENPOST)
Jordon Creek Overflow Bridge, Malheur County, Ca. 1910.Pine Creek Bridge, No. 10712, Umatilla County, Ca. 1910.
Pine Creek Bridge, No. 59C528, Umatilla County, Ca. 1910.
Pine Creek Bridge, No. 59C534, Umatilla County, Ca. 1910.
STEEL DECK TRUSS (WARREN AND VARIATIONS)
North Fessenden Street Overcrossing, Multnomah County, 1909.North Lombard Street Overcrossing, Multnomah County, 1909.
North Willamette Street Overcrossing, Multnomah County, 1909.
North Yamhill River Bridge, Yamhill County, Warren with Verticals, 1921.
Grande Ronde River (Old Rhinehart) Bridge, Union County, Warren with Verticals, 1922.
Calapooya Creek (Oakland) Bridge, Douglas County, 1925.
Deschutes River (Maupin) Bridge, Wasco County, 1929.
Elk Creek (First Crossing) Bridge, Douglas County, Warren with Verticals, 1931.
Elk Creek (Third Crossing) Bridge, Douglas County, Warren with Verticals, 1931.
Elk Creek (Fourth Crossing) Bridge, Douglas County, Warren with Verticals, 1931.
Thomas Creek Bridge, Curry County, Warren with Verticals, 1961.
STEEL PONY TRUSS (WARREN AND VARIATIONS)
Greasewood Creek Bridge, Umatilla County, 1907.Pine Creek (Crow Lane) Bridge, Baker County, 1911.
Umatilla River (S.W. 10th Street) Bridge, Umatilla County, Warren with Polygonal Upper Chords, 1913.
Marys River Bridge, Benton County, Warren with Polygonal Upper Chords, 1914.
Lower Milton Creek (McDonald) Bridge, Columbia County, 1914.
Beaver Creek (Kukkla Road) Bridge, Columbia County, Double-Intersection Warren, Ca. 1915.
Grande Ronde River (McKennon Road) Bridge, Union County, Warren with Polygonal Upper Chords, 1925.
STEEL THROUGH TRUSS (WARREN VARIATIONS)
Siuslaw River (Richardson) Bridge, Lane County, Double-Intersection Warren, 1912.Crooked River (Elliott Lane) Bridge, Crook County, Double-Intersection Warren, Ca. 1914.
Umpqua River (Scottsburg) Bridge, Douglas County, Warren with Polygonal Upper Chords, 1929.
Willamette River (Springfield) Bridge, Lane County, Warren with Polygonal Upper Chords, 1929.
Arch
TIMBER DECK ARCH
North Umpqua River (Mott) Bridge, Douglas County, 1936.REINFORCED CONCRETE DECK ARCH
Mill Creek (Front Street, N.E.) Bridge, Marion County, Single Span, 1913.Killam Creek Bridge, Tillamook County, Single Span, 1914.
Latourell Creek Bridge, Multnomah County, Three Spans, 1914.
Multnomah Creek Bridge, Multnomah County, Single Span, 1914.
Tumalo Irrigation Ditch Bridge, Deschutes County, Five Spans, 1914.
Young Creek (Shepperd's Dell) Bridge, Multnomah County, Single Span, 1914.
Eagle Creek Bridge, Multnomah County, Single Span, 1915.
Moffett Creek Bridge, Multnomah County, Single Span, 1915.
Stark Street Viaduct, Multnomah County, Single Span, 1915.
Williams Creek Bridge, Josephine County, Single Span, 1917.
Mosier Creek Bridge, Wasco County, Single Span, 1920.
Oswego Creek Bridge, Clackamas County, Single Span, 1920.
Rogue River (Rock Point) Bridge, Jackson County, Single Span, 1920.
Dry Canyon Creek Bridge, Wasco County, Single Span, 1921.
N.W. Alexandra Avenue Viaduct, Multnomah County, Single Span, 1922.
South Umpqua River (Myrtle Creek) Bridge, Douglas County, Six Spans, 1922.
Grande Ronde River (Perry Overcrossing) Bridge, Union County, Six Spans, 1924.
Necanicum River (Seaside) Bridge, Clatsop County, three spans, 1924.
North Umpqua River (Winchester) Bridge, Douglas County, Seven Spans, 1924.
Fifteenmile Creek (Adkisson) Bridge, Wasco County, Single Span, 1925.
Umatilla River (Umatilla) Bridge, Umatilla County, Three Spans, 1925.
Depoe Bay Bridge, Lincoln County, Single Span, 1927.
Rocky Creek (Ben Jones) Bridge, Lincoln County, Single Span, 1927.
Rogue River (Gold Hill) Bridge, Jackson County, Single Span, 1927.
S.W. Vista Avenue Viaduct, Multnomah County, Single Span, 1927.
Soapstone Creek Bridge, Clatsop County, Single Span, 1928.
South Fork Hood River (Sahalie Falls) Bridge, Hood River County, Single Span, 1928.
Salmon River Bridge, Lincoln County, Single Span, 1930.
Cape Creek Bridge, Lincoln County, Single Span, 1931.
Cummins Creek Bridge, Lane County, Single Span, 1931.
Rogue River (Gold Beach) Bridge, Curry County, Seven Spans, 1931.
Hood River (Tucker) Bridge, Hood River County, Single Span, 1932.
Clackamas River (Estacada) Bridge, Clackamas County, Single Span, 1936.
Nehalem River Bridge, Clatsop County, Single Span, 1939.
REINFORCED CONCRETE HALF-THROUGH ARCH
Rogue River (Caveman) Bridge, Josephine County, Three Spans, 1931.REINFORCED CONCRETE THROUGH ARCH
Santiam River (Jefferson) Bridge, Marion-Linn counties, Three Spans, 1933.REINFORCED CONCRETE THROUGH TIED ARCH
Big Creek Bridge, Lane County, Single Span, 1931.Tenmile Creek Bridge, Lane County, Single Span, 1931.
Wilson River Bridge, Tillamook County, Single Span, 1931.
Alsea Bay (Waldport) Bridge, Lincoln County, Three Central Spans, 1936.
STEEL DECK ARCH
Crooked River (High) Bridge, Jefferson County, Single Span, 1926.STEEL HALF-THROUGH ARCH
Willamette River (Oregon City) Bridge, Clackamas County, Single Span, 1922.Yaquina Bay (Newport) Bridge, Lincoln County, Three Central Spans, two of which are deck arches, 1936.
STEEL HALF-THROUGH TIED ARCH
Willamette River (Fremont) Bridge, Multnomah County, Single Span, 1973.STEEL THROUGH TIED ARCH
Clackamas River (McLoughlin) Bridge, Clackmas County, Three Spans, 1933.South Umpqua River (Winston) Bridge, Douglas County, Three Spans, 1934.
Santiam River bridges, Marion-Linn counties, Three Spans, 1946 and 1958.
Suspension
Willamette River (St. John's) Bridge, Multnomah County, 1931.Crooked River (Lake Billy Chinook) Bridge, Jefferson County, 1962.
Moveable
STEEL THROUGH TRUSS SWING
Willamette River (Van Buren Street) Bridge, Benton-Linn counties, 1913.Coquille River Bridge, Coos County, 1922.
Umpqua River (Reedsport) Bridge, Douglas County, 1936.
STEEL THROUGH TRUSS VERTICAL LIFT
Willamette River (Hawthorne) Bridge, Multnomah County, 1910.Willamette River (Steel) Bridge, Multnomah County, 1912.
Columbia River (Interstate Northbound) Bridge, Multnomah County (Oregon) and Clark County (Washington), 1917.
Columbia River (White Salmon) Bridge, Hood River County (Oregon) and Klickitat County (Washington), 1924.
STEEL SINGLE-LEAF BASCULE
Lewis and Clark River Bridge, Clatsop County, 1924.STEEL DOUBLE-LEAF BASCULE
Willamette River (Broadway) Bridge, Multnomah County, Through Truss, 1913.Old Young's Bay Bridge, Clatsop County, 1921.
Willamette River (Burnside) Bridge, Multnomah County, 1926.
Siuslaw River (Florence) Bridge, Lane County, 1936.
Slab, Beam, and Girder
TIMBER DECK GIRDER
Swalley Canal (Rock O' the Range) Covered Bridge, Deschutes County, 1963.REINFORCED CONCRETE SLAB
Crown Point Viaduct, Multnomah County, 1914.East Multnomah Falls Viaduct, Multnomah County, 1914.
Horsetail Falls Bridge, Multnomah County, 1914.
Old Mill Race Bridge, Umatilla County, 1914.
Oneonta Gorge Creek (Old) Bridge, Multnomah County, 1914.
Wahkeena Falls Bridge, Multnomah County, 1914.
West Multnomah Falls Viaduct, Multnomah County, 1914.
Johnson Creek Bridge, Multnomah County, 1915.
Ruckel Creek Bridge, Hood River County, 1917.
Gorton Creek Bridge, Hood River County, 1918.
Rock Creek Bridge, Wasco County, 1918.
Chenoweth Creek Bridge, Wasco County, 1920.
Hog Creek Canyon (Rowena Dell) Bridge, Wasco County, 1920.
Beltline Overcrossing, Clatsop County, 1921.
REINFORCED CONCRETE DECK GIRDER
Beaver Creek (Sandy River Overflow) Bridge, Multnomah County, 1912.Dollarhide Overcrossing, Jackson County, 1914.
Steinman Overcrossing, Jackson County, 1914.
McCarthy Creek Bridge, Multnomah County, Ca. 1914.
Tanner Creek Bridge, Multnomah County, 1915.
Toothrock and Eagle Creek viaducts, Multnomah County, 1915.
Mosier Creek (State Road) Bridge, Wasco County, 1917.
Ruthton Point Viaduct, Hood River County, 1918.
Fifteenmile Creek (Seufert) Viaduct, Wasco County, 1920.
Mill Creek (West Sixth Street) Bridge, Wasco County, 1920.
Rock Slide Viaduct, Hood River County, 1920.
Euchre Creek Bridge, Curry County, 1927.
Pringle Creek (Liberty Street, S.E.) Bridge, Marion County, 1928.
Pringle Creek (Commercial Street, South) Bridge, Marion County, 1928.
Mill Creek (Summer Street, N.E.) Bridge, Marion County, 1929.
Pringle Creek/Shelton Creek (Church Street, S.E.) Bridge, Marion County, 1929.
Elk Creek (Second Crossing) Bridge, Douglas County, 1931.
Link River Bridge, Klamath County, 1931.
Chasm (Neahkahnie Mountain) Bridge, TIllamook County, 1937.
Oneonta Gorge Creek Bridge (New), Multnomah County, 1948.
REINFORCED CONCRETE THROUGH GIRDER
Bridal Veil Falls Bridge, Multnomah County, 1914.Rhea Creek Bridge, Morrow County, 1916.
STEEL DECK GIRDER
N.E. Grande Avenue Overcrossing, Multnomah County, 1907.N.E. 12th Avenue Overcrossing, Multnomah County, 1910.
Columbia Slough (N.E. Union Avenue) Bridge, Multnomah County, 1916.
Portland Road, N.E., Undercrossing, Marion County, 1936.
Necarney Creek Bridge, Tillamook County, 1937.
STEEL THROUGH GIRDER
South Umpqua River (Milo Academy) Covered Bridge, Douglas County, 1962.NUMBER OF BRIDGES BY STRUCTURAL TYPE
The data in this appendix indicate the relative rarity of general and specific highway bridge types in Oregon. The bridge type was assigned on the basis of the main or center span. The historic bridges are those determined eligible for or listed on the National Register and are shown in the body of this report. The nonhistoric bridges are considered ineligible for the National Register. (The reserve bridges are shown in Appendix E). All of the bridges are of pre-1941 construction, except for nine structures—eight covered bridges and the Oneonta Gorge Creek (New) Bridge on the Columbia River Highway.
| Type | Historic Bridges |
Nonhistoric Bridges | |
| Reserve | Other | ||
| TRUSS | 72 | 24 | 121 |
| Timbera | 47 | — | — |
| Deck | 1 | — | — |
| Howe | 1 | — | — |
| Through (Covered/Housed) | 46 | — | — |
| Howe | 42 | — | —b |
| Kingpost | 1 | — | — |
| Queenpost | 3 | — | — |
| Irona | 2 | — | — |
| Through Pennsylvania-Petit | 2 | — | — |
| Steelc | 23 | 24 | 121 |
| Deck | 5 | 7 | 18 |
| Cantilever | 1 | — | 1 |
| Pratt (Single Span) | 1 | — | — |
| Warren | 2 | 3 | 9 |
| Single Span | 1 | 2 | 8 |
| Multiple Spans | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Warren with Verticals | 1 | 4 | 8 |
| Single Span | 1 | 4 | 5 |
| Multiple Spans | — | — | 3 |
| Pony | 5 | 9 | 66 |
| Pratt (Multiple Spans) | — | 1 | — |
| Pratt, Half-Hip (Single Span) | 2 | — | — |
| Queenpost (Single Span) | 1 | 3 | — |
| Warren (Single Span) | 1 | 2 | 12 |
| Warren, Double Intersection (Single Span) | — | 1 | — |
| Warren with Polygonal Upper Chords | 1 | 2 | 27 |
| Single Span | — | 2 | 24 |
| Multiple Spans | 1 | — | 3 |
| Warren with Verticals (Single Span) | — | — | 5 |
| Warren with Verticals and Polygonal Upper Chords | — | — | 22 |
| Single Span | — | — | 22 |
| Multiple Spans | — | — | 3 |
| Through | 13 | 8 | 37 |
| Camel back (Single Span) | — | — | 3 |
| Cantilever | 3 | — | — |
| Parker | 3 | 2 | 21 |
| Single Span | 1 | 1 | 17 |
| Multiple Spans | 2 | 1 | 4 |
| Pennsylvania-Petit | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| Single Span | — | 1 | 6 |
| Multiple Spans | 1 | — | — |
| Pratt | 4 | 3 | 5 |
| Single Span | 2 | 1 | 4 |
| Multiple Spans | 2 | 2 | 1 |
| Warren, Double-Intersection | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Single Span | 1 | — | 1 |
| Multiple Spans | — | 1 | — |
| Warren with Polygonal Upper Chords | |||
| (Multiple Spans) | 1 | 1 | 1d |
| Pin-Connected Metal Truss | 11 | 8 | 6 |
| Deck | 1 | — | 1 |
| Pony | 3 | 3 | — |
| Through | 7 | 5 | 5 |
| ARCH | 35 | 11 | 7 |
| Timber Deck (Single Span) | 1 | — | — |
| Reinforced Concrete | 30 | 10 | — |
| Deck | 26 | 8 | 6 |
| Single Span | 19 | 7 | 6 |
| Multiple Span | 7 | 1 | — |
| Half-Through (Multiple Spans) | 1 | — | — |
| Through (Multiple Spans) | 1 | — | — |
| Through Tied | 2 | 2 | — |
| Single Span | 1 | 2 | — |
| Multiple Spans | 1 | — | — |
| Steel | 4 | 1 | 1 |
| Deck (Single Span) | 1 | — | — |
| Half-Through (Single Span) | 2 | — | — |
| Through (Multiple Spans) | — | — | 1 |
| Through Tied | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Single Span | — | — | 1 |
| Multiple Span | 1 | 1 | — |
| SUSPENSION | 1 | — | 1 |
| MOVEABLE | 8 | 4 | 6 |
| Bascule | 3 | 2 | 1 |
| Single-Leaf | — | 1 | — |
| Double-Leaf | 3 | 1 | 1 |
| Removeable/Roll-Back | — | — | 2 |
| Swing | 2 | 1 | 3 |
| Vertical Lift | 3 | 1 | — |
| SLAB, BEAM AND GIRDERe | 29 | 14 | 850f |
| Beam and Girder | 17 | 12 | 780f |
| Timber | 1 | — | 250f |
| Steel | 2 | 4 | 180f |
| Reinforced Concrete | 14 | 8 | 350f |
| Slab, Reinforced Concrete | 12 | 2 | 70f |
| SUMMARY | |||
| TRUSS | 72 | 24 | 121 |
| ARCH | 35 | 11 | 7 |
| SUSPENSION | 1 | — | — |
| MOVEABLE | 8 | 4 | 6 |
| SLAB, BEAM AND GIRDER | 29 | 14 | 850f |
| TOTAL | 145 | 53 | 984f |
| (1,182 bridges) | |||
NOTE: This figure provides the number and type of pre-1941 constructed bridges. (The exception is nine structures listed on the National Register that are post-1940 construction, including one on the Columbia River Highway and eight covered bridges.) Since 1940, about 5,250 highway bridges have been built in Oregon, including 135 trusses, 11 arches, 11 moveables, one suspension, and about 5,100 slabs, beams and girders.
aAll of the timber and iron truss bridges are single spans.
bThere are four other Howe timber truss covered bridges in Oregon. The Coast Fork Willamette River (Chambers) Covered Bridge, built in 1936, is a railroad bridge and is therefore excluded from the parameters of this study. Three Howe truss highway covered bridges were constructed after 1940 and were not listed on the National Register in 1979 at the request of the owners. These bridges are Little River (Cavitt Creek), Douglas County, 1943; Crabtree Creek (Bohemian Hall), Linn County, 1947; and Thomas Creek (Skimanek), Linn County, 1966. These bridges are included in the notable post-1940 bridges group in this document (Appendix F).
cThis number of steel trusses excludes the trusses found in moveable spans.
dThis structure is a Warren with verticals and polygonal upper chords, multiple span.
eIncludes both single and multiple spans.
fEstimate.
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