Recreational Use of Land in the United States (Appendix VIII)

National Park Service

Recreational Use of Land in the United States

APPENDIX VIII. ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL SITES ADMINISTERED BY THE NATIONAL PARK SERVICE

Name	Location	Established	Area in acres	Special characteristics
ARCHEOLOGICAL SITES
Aztec Ruins National Monument	New Mexico	1923	25.88	Prehistoric ruin of pueblo type containing 500 rooms.
Bandelier National Monument	do	1932	26,026.20	Vast number of cliff-dweller ruins of unusual interest, including Rito de los Frijoles, Otowi, Tsankawi, and others. Some of the simple household equipment of the former inhabitants has been restored as it was centuries ago.
Canyon de Chelly National Monument	Arizona	1931	83,840.00	Many cliff dwellings in eaves and crevasses containing records of cultural progress covering longer period than any other ruins discovered in the Southwest.
Casa Grande National Monument	do	1918	472.50	These ruins are one of the most noteworthy relics of a prehistoric age and people within the limits of the United States. Discovered in 1694.
Chaco Canyon National Monument	New Mexico	1907	21,512.37	Numerous cliff-dweller ruins, including communal houses, all good condition and but little excavated.
El Morro National Monument	do	1906	240.00	Enormous sandstone rock eroded in form of a castle upon which inscriptions have been placed by early Spanish explorers. Contains cliff-dweller ruins.
Gila Cliff Dwellings National Monument	do	1907	160.00	Cliff-dweller ruins. 4 natural cavities in the face of an overhanging cliff 150 feet high, divided into small rooms by walls built of adobe and small stones, which are in a good state of preservation.
Hovenweep National Monument	Utah and Colorado	1923	285.80	4 groups of prehistoric towers, pueblos, and cliff dwellings.
Mesa Verde National Park	Colorado	1906	51,333.62	Most notable and best preserved prehistoric cliff dwellings in United States if not in the world.
Montezuma Castle National Monument	Arizona	1906	160.00	Prehistoric cliff-dwelling ruin of unusual size situated in a niche in face of a vertical cliff. Of scenic and ethnologic interest.
Mound City Group National Monument	Ohio	1921	57.00	Famous group of prehistoric mounds in Camp Sherman Military Reservation.
Navajo National Monument	Arizona	1909	360.00	Contains numerous pueblo and cliff-dweller ruins, in good state of preservation.
Old Kasaan National Monument	Alaska	1916	38.00	Abandoned Haida Indian village in which remain totem poles, grave houses and monuments, and portions of the original framework of the buildings.
Sitka National Monument	do	1910	57.00	Area of great natural beauty and historac interest as scene of massacre of Russians by Indians. Contains 16 totem poles of best native workmanship.
Tonto National Monument	Arizona	1907	640.00	2 cliff-dweller ruins just off the Roosevelt Globe Highway. Consist of 2 and 3-storied walls of adobe with the supporting beams and lintels of windows and low doors still in place.
Walnut Canyon National Monument	do	1911	960.00	Contains cliff dwellings of marked interest built under the outward sloping canyon wails, utilizing the projecting limestone ledges as foundations. Instead of the communal type, these cliff houses were apparently built for separate families and contain from 6 to 8 rooms.
Wupatki National Monument	do	1921	2,234.10	Prehistoric dwellings of ancestors of Hopi Indians.
Yucca House National Monument	Colorado	1919	9.60	Located on eastern slope of Sleeping Ute Mountain. A pile of masonry of great archeological value, relic of prehistoric inhabitants.
HISTORICAL SITES [Arranged according to period]
COLONIAL SITES
Cabrillo National Monument	California	1913	0.50	Of historic interest because of discovery of the territory now partly embraced in the State of California by Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo, who at this point first sighted land on Sept. 28, 1542.
Colonial National Monument	Virginia	1930	3,322.57	2 areas of great historic importance—Jamestown Island, where first permanent English settlement in America was made in 1607 and Yorktown, scene of the culminating battle of the Revolution, with connecting parkway through Williamsburg, seat of government of colonial Virginia for a century.
Father Millet Cross National Monument	New York	1925	.0074	Site for erection of cross to commemorate a cross erected by Father Millet in 1688 on what is now Fort Niagara Military Reservation.
Fort Marion National Monument	Florida	1924	18.09	Fort built by Spaniards in 1672 to protect St. Augustine. Oldest fortification extant in United States.
Fort Matanzas National Monument	do	1924	1.00	Built by Spaniards in 1737 to supplement Fort Marion.
Fort Necessity National Battlefield site	Pennsylvania	1931	2.00	Fort commemorating the Battle of Fort Necessity between troops under Maj. George Washington and French and Indian troops, July 3, 1757.
George Washington Birthplace National Monument	Virginia	1930	394.47	Site of home in which George Washington was born, rehabilitated and replica of the old homestead erected.
Gran Quivira National Monument	New Mexico	1909	610.94	1 of the most important of earliest Spanish mission ruins in the Southwest Monument; also contains pueblo ruins.
New Echota Marker National Memorial	Georgia	1931	1.00	Site of capital of Cherokee Indians.
Tumacacori National Monument	Arizona	1908	10.00	Ruin of Franciscan mission dating from 17th century.
Verendrye National Monument	North Dakota	1917	253.04	Includes Crowhigh Butte, from which Explorer Verendrye first beheld territory beyond the Missouri River.
REVOLUTIONARY SITES
Cowpens National Battlefield site	South Carolina	1929	1.00	Site of Revolutionary War Battle of Cowpens, Jan. 17, 1781.
Guilford Courthouse National Military Park	North Carolina	1917	110.00	Near Greensboro; scene of 1 of the great battles of the Revolution; fought in 1781.
Moores Creek National Military Park	North Carolina	1931	30.00	Commemorating the Revolutionary War Battle of Kings Mountain fought at this place, Oct. 7, 1780.
Kings Mountain National Military Park	South Carolina	1926		Scene of 1 of the most memorable battles of Revolutionary War.
Morristown National Historical Park	New Jersey	1933	952.04	Main camp site of the American Armies during the winter and spring of 1777, and from December 1779 to June 1780. Contains Ford Mansion used by Washington as residence and headquarters.
White Plains National Battlefield site	New York	1926		Memorial tablet to indicate the position of the Revolutionary Army under the command of General Washington.
HISTORIC SITES FROM NATIONAL PERIOD TO CIVIL WAR
Abraham Lincoln National Park	Kentucky	1916	110.00	Contains the log cabin and part of the farm where Abraham Lincoln was born.
Camp Blount Tablets National Memorial	Tennessee	1930		Site of old Stone Bridge, marking the site of mobilization and camps of troops under Gen. Andrew Jackson, preparatory to war against the Spanish and Indians in Florida.
Castle Pinckney National Monument	South Carolina	1924	3.50	Fort built in Charleston harbor in 1797.
Chalmette National Battlefield site	Louisiana	1907		Erected in memory of the Battle of New Orleans which was fought on Jan. 8, 1815.
Fort Jefferson National Monument	Florida	1935	15.00	Erected 1846-61 on Garden Key in the Dry Tortugas; used as a military prison during the Civil and Spanish American Wars. Dr. Mudd was imprisoned here for supposed complicity in the assassination of Lincoln.
Fort McHenry National Park	Maryland	1925	47.00	Restored and preserved as birthplace of the Star Spangled Banner.
Fort Pulaski National Monument	Georgia	1924	20.00	Built in 1810 to replace Fort Greene of the Revolution.
Lee Mansion National Memorial	Virginia	1925		Home of Robert E. Lee, commander in chief of the Confederate Army, up to the time of the Civil War.
Meriwether Lewis National Monument	Tennessee	1925	300.00	Contains the grave of Captain Lewis of the Lewis and Clark Expedition.
Pipe Spring National Monument	Arizona	1923	40.00	Old stone fort and spring of pure water in desert region. Serves as memorial to early western pioneer life.
Scotts Bluff National Monument	Nebraska	1919	3,240.09	Region of historic and scientific interest. Many famous old trails traversed by the early pioneers in the winning of the West passed over and through this monument.
CIVIL WAR SITES
Antietam National Battlefield site	Maryland	1890	40.00	Scene of one of greatest battles of the Civil War.
Appomattox National Battlefield site	Virginia	1930	2.00	Monument commemorating the termination of the War between the States on Apr. 9, 1865.
Brices Cross Roads National Battlefield site	Mississippi	1929	1.00	Civil War Battle of Brices Cross Roads, June 10, 1864.
Chickamauga-Chattanooga National Military Park	Tennessee and Georgia	1890	5,733.00	Beautiful natural park; embraces battlefields of Chickamauga and Missionary Ridge and scenes of other conflicts of the Civil War fought in the vicnity of Chattanooga during 1863, including Lookout Mountain.
Fort Donelson National Military Park	Tennessee	1928	108.00	Site of first great engagement of the western campaign during the Civil War.
Fredericksburg and Spotsylvania County Battlefields Memorial National Military Park	Virginia	1927	2,413.37	Scene of battles of Fredericksburg, Spotsylvania Wilderness, Chancellorsville, and Salem Church, at or near Fredericksburg.
Gettysburg National Military Park	Pennsylvania	1895	2,530.00	Scene of the most famous combat of the Civil War. Probably better marked than any other battlefield in the world.
House Where Lincoln Died	Washington, D. C	1896		Across from Old Ford Theater, now the Lincoln Museum.
Kenesaw Mountain National Battlefield site	Georgia	1917	60.00	Site of important Civil War engagement fought June 27, 1864.
Lincoln Museum	Washington, D. C	1865		Old Ford Theater where Lincoln was assassinated. Now contains collection of Lincolniana.
Monocacy National Battlefield site	Maryland	1929	1.00	Site of Civil War Battle of Monocacy.
Petersburg National Military Park	Virginia	1926		Scene of campaign and siege and defense of Petersburg, Va., in 1864 and 1865.
Shiloh National Military Park	Tennessee	1894	3,583.00	Embraces the battlefield of Shiloh near Pittsburg Landing, on the Tennessee River. The second major engagement of the western campaign during Civil War.
Stones River National Military Park	do	1927	345.00	Scene of the Battle of Stones River in Tennessee.
Tupelo National Battlefield site	Mississippi	1929	1.00	Commemorates the Battle of Tupelo, July 13-15, 1864.
Vicksburg National Military Park	do	1899	1,322.00	Beautiful natural park; scene of the siege and surrender of Vicksburg in 1862 during the Civil War.
NATIONAL CEMETERIES
Antietam National Cemetery	Maryland	1862	10.00
Battleground National Cemetery	District of Columbia	1864	1.33
Chattanooga National Cemetery	Tennessee	1863	129.86
Fort Donelson National Cemetery	do	1867	15.75
Fredericksburg National Cemetery	Virginia	1865	12.00
Gettysburg National Cemetery	Pennsylvania	1863	17.00
Poplar Grove National Cemetery	Virginia	1866	8.65
Shiloh National Cemetery	Tennessee	1866	9.00
Stones River National Cemetery	do	1865	18.52
Vicksburg National Cemetery	Mississippi	1865	33.00
Yorktown National Cemetery	Virginia	1866	3.00
HISTORIC SITES SINCE THE CIVIL WAR
Big Hole Battlefield National Monument	Montana	1910	5.00	Site of battlefield on which battle was fought Aug. 9, 1877, between a small force of United States troops and a much larger force of Nez Perce Indians resulting in rout of the latter.
Kill Devil Hill National Memorial	North Carolina	1927	547.00	Scene of first sustained flight by heavier-than-air machine.
Lava Beds National Monument	California	1925	45,967.00	Unusual exhibits of lava flows in the shape of peculiar lava caves and tunnels. Battle ground of Modoc Indian war of 1873.
Statue of Liherty National Monument	New York	1924	2.50	Site of Statue of Liberty.
NATIONAL MEMORIALS
District of Columbia War Memorial	Washington, D. C	1931		World War memorial.
Lincoln Memorial	do	1922		World famous memorial in the national capital.
Washington	do	1799		Shaft erected in memory of George Washington.

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Last Updated: 20-May-2016