NATIONAL PARK SERVICE Golden Places The History of Alaska-Yukon Mining

I. Archival Collections

Washington. D.C. National Archives and Records Service

Records of the Department of the Interior. Record Group 48. Central Classified File. Alaska Congressional and Investigation. Bullinger-Pinchot Controversy, file 1-108, 2-24, 2-39, and 10-3.

Records of the Department of Justice, Record Group 60. Appointments Files. Letters Received from Alaska.

Records of the Adjutant General, Record Group 94. Alaska Trails, files 307198, 30929, 355877, 362888, and 423757.

Records of the Secretary of War. Correspondence Series, file 2582.

Records of the Chief Signal Officer, Record Group 111. General Correspondence Series 1889-1917. Alaska, file 17758.

Records of the United States Army. Record Group 393. Department of the Columbia. Letters Received from Alaska, Army Posts, Fort Davis 1900-1919, Fort Egbert 1899-1911, Fort Gibbon 1899-1923, Fort St. Michael 1897-1922.

Seattle. Federal Archives and Records Center

Alaska District Court Records. Record Group 21.

Bureau of Land Management. Record Group 49. Townsites Land Office Registers for Alaska Towns; Departmental Letters 1899-1904.

Anchorage. University of Alaska Archives

Chititu Mining Company Collection.

Fred W. Fickett Collection.

Dianne Gudgel Collection (Kantishna Oral History Project).

Richard T. Harris Collection.

Berkeley, California. Bancroft Library, University of California

Aylett Cotton Collection.

Edmund Heller Collection.

T. T. Lane Collection.

Turak Newman Collection.

John W. Troy Collection.

John R. Young Collection.

Eugene, Oregon. University of Oregon Library

C. L. Andrews Collection.

Edward Bushnell Collection.

James T. Gray Collection.

Kirke Johnson Collection.

Ed Kingsley Collection.

Charley Seymour Collection.

James Turnidge Collection.

Juneau, Alaska State Library

Aaro Aho Collection.

Fred Baker Collection.

Fred Best Collection.

John Bodenmann Collection.

Ben W. Booher Collection.

Kepner/Crane Collection.

John Maloney Collection.

Ray Moss Collection.

Nabesna Mining Co. Collection.

Shad Reid Collection.

Scipio Ratto Collection.

Juneau. Alaska State Archives

Department of Commerce and Economic Development. Record Group 08. Corporation Records.

Papers of the Governors of Alaska.

United States Commissioners Records. Record Group 305.

United States District Court of Alaska. Record Group 505. Mining Claims Recordings.

Fairbanks. Alaska. University of Alaska Archives

Alaska Commercial Company Collection.

Alaska Mining Collection.

Eskil Anderson Collection.

William B. Ballon Collection.

Alfred H. Brooks Collection.

Garret Busch Collection.

Frank Buteau Collection.

Charles L. Cadwallader Collection.

Stephen Capps Collection.

Thomas Donohue-John Ostramder Collection.

Eagle, Alaska Collection.

Lulu M. Fairbanks Collection.

Charles S. Farnsworth Collection.

Robert H. Fitzhugh Collection.

Fugitive Papers on Alaska.

James Geoghegan Collection.

Richard Geoghegan Collection.

Elizabeth H. Goddard Collection.

Margaret Harrais Collection.

Martin Harrais Collection.

Herbert Heller Collection

Louis Huber Collection.

Kennecott Copper Co. Collection.

Keystone Canyon Collection (microfilm 140, a compilation made by Claus Naske of Dept. of Justice Records, Record Group 60, National Archives).

L. A. Levensaler Collection.

Military Records Collection. (Fort Gibbon, 1906-11; Fort Egbert closing records).

George H. Pilcher Collection.

L. V. Ray Collection.

Cecil Robe Collection.

William Sulzer Collection.

Dan Sutherland Collection.

Joseph Ulmer Collection.

Waller and Hubbell Collection.

J. L. Waller Collection.

Menlo Park, California. United States Geological Survey Archives

A. Knopp Field Notebooks (1908).

A. G. Maldren Field Notebooks (1909).

Fred H. Moffit Field Notebooks (1 909).

L. M. Prindle Field Notebooks (1905).

F. C. Schrader Field Notebooks (1899).

Philip Smith Field Notebooks (1920).

Seattle, Washington. University of Washington Archives, Suzzallo Library

John E. Ballaine Collection.

John Berns Collection.

John Bufvers Collection.

James Carroll Collection.

William Dickey Collection.

Charles Garfield Collection.

Maurice A. Hartnett Collection.

Florence M. Hartshorn Collection.

Charles S. Hubbell Collection.

William D. Johns Collection.

Fred T. Merritt Collection.

William T. Perkins Collection.

Milnor Roberts Collection.

John Rosene Collection.

Washington, D.C. Library of Congress

Key Pittman Collection.

Gifford Pinchot Collection.

Riggs Family Collection.

II. Theses, Dissertations, Government Agency Reports and Unpublished Reports

Brown, C. Michael. "Alaska's Kuskokwim River Region." Anchorage: Bureau of Land Management, 1983.

Brown, William. "Gates of the Arctic." Unpublished manuscript (in press), National Park Service.

Buzzell, Rolfe. "Overview of Kantishna Mining History." NPS files.

__. "Settlement Patterns," in Charles E. Holmes, "Supplementary Report: Sterling Highway Archeology, 1985-1986." Fairbanks: Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys, 1986.

Cole, Terrence. "Historic Use of the Chisana and Nabesna Rivers, Alaska." Anchorage: Alaska Department of Natural Resources, Division of Lands, 1979.

__. "History of the National Bank of Alaska." Draft copy of work in progress. NPS files.

__. "History of the Use of the Upper Susitna River." Anchorage: Alaska Department of Natural Resources, 1979.

Davis, John A. "Report on the Kantishna Region, Alaska." U.S. Bureau of Mines, typescript, 1921.

Douglas, William C. "A History of the Kennecott Mines." Typescript, 1964. NPS files.

Ducker, James. "Navigability Study for the Upper Yukon Region, Alaska." Anchorage: Bureau of Land Management, 1983.

__. "Out of Harm's Way." Unpublished paper, author's files.

Dunkle, W.E. "Economic Geology and History of the Copper River District." Paper given at Alaska Engineers Meeting, Juneau, 1954. Mackay Collection, UAF.

Fechner, Steven A. and Robert B. Hoekzema, "Distribution, Analysis, and Recovery of Gold from Kantishna Placers, Alaska." (Washington: Bureau of Mines, Report II-86, 1986).

Grauman, Melody Webb. "Big Business in Alaska: The Kennecott Mines, 1898-1938." Fairbanks: Anthropology and Historic Preservation Cooperative Park Studies Unit. Occasional Paper No. 1, March 1977.

Gudgel-Holmes, Dianne. "Ethnohistory of Four Interior Alaskan Waterbodies." Anchorage: Alaska Department of Natural Resources, 1979.

Heiner, Virginia Doyle. "Alaska Mining History: A Source Document," Anchorage Division of Parks, Office of History and Archeology, 1977.

Hoagland, Alison K. "A Survey of the Historic Architectural Resources in Lake Clark National Park and Preserve." A report of the Historic American Building's Survey, Summer, 1982.

Holdsworth, Philip Ross. "Nabesna Gold Mine and Mill." B.S. Thesis, University of Washington, Seattle, 1937. Copy at AHL.

"The Iditarod Trail (Seward-Nome Route) and Other Alaskan Gold Rush Trails." Bureau of Outdoor Recreation, September, 1977.

"Industries of Alaska," (ISEGR Report, University of Alaska, 1966) 1-7.

Maddren, A.G. "The Koyukuk-Chandalar Region, Alaska." USGS Bulletin No. 532. Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1913.

Mangusso, Mary. "Anthony J. Dimond: A Political Biography," Ph.D. diss., Texas Tech University, 1978.

Monnett, Lester L. "Yukon Experiences from 1897 on: Autobiography of Lester L. Monnett Written in the Years 1935-1936," edited by Beulah May (Nerd) Parris, NPS files.

Reed, Irving M. Report: "Upper Koyuyuk Region, Alaska." Juneau: Alaska Territorial Department of Mines, 1937.

Roads, Edwin M. "Modern Mining Frontier and Transportation in the North." Ph.D. diss., University of Alaska, Fairbanks, 1986.

Scott, Elva. "Mail Service and Mail Carriers." Eagle: E. Scott, 1985.

Sheils, Archie W. "The Kennecott Story." Typescript. Bellingham, WA, 1967. Copy at AHL.

Spude, Robert L. "Steamboat Stampedes in Alaska and the Yukon." Symposium paper, "Boom and Bust Cycles in Communities of the Canadian and American West." University of Victoria, August 1987.

Spude, Robert L. and Sandra M. Faulkner. "Kennecott, Alaska." Anchorage: National Park Service, Alaska Region, 1987.

Stearns, Robert A. "The Morgan-Guggenheim Syndicate and the Development of Alaska, 1906-1915." Ph.D. dissertation. Santa Barbara: University of California, 1967.

Stevens, Gary L. "Gold Rush Theatre in the Alaska-Yukon Frontier." Eugene; University of Oregon, Ph.D. dissertation, 1984.

Unrau, Harlan D. "Historical Overview, Draft Mining EIS." National Park Service, October, 1986. NPS files.

Webb, G.L. "Kobuk Diary." Edited by Dorothy Jean Ray. NPS files.

Will, Susan M. "Coldfoot: An Historic Mining Community on the Middle Fork of the Koyubuk River, Alaska." Fairbanks: Bureau of Land Management, 1982.

Willis, G. Frank. "Do Things Right the First Time." The National Park Service and the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act of 1980. Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1985.

______. "'It is a Hard Country. Though,' Historic Resource Study. Bering Land Bridge National Preserve," National Park Service, n.d.

______. "Lode Deposits of Eureka and Vicinity Kantishna District, Alaska." USGS Bulletin 49-7, Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1933.

III. Public Documents

United States Documents - By Author

Abercrombie, William R. "Copper River Exploring Expedition, 1899." Compilation of Narratives of Exploration in Alaska. Senate Reps., 56th Cong., 1st sess., No. 1023 (1900) (Serial 3896), 755-68.

______. "A Military Reconnaissance of the Copper River Valley." Compilation of Narratives of Exploration in Alaska. Senate Reps., 56th Cong., 1st sess., No. 1023 (1900) (Serial 3896), 563-90.

Allen, Henry T. "A Military Reconnaissance of the Copper River Valley, 1885." Compilation of Narratives of Exploration in Alaska. Senate Reps., 56th Cong., 1st sess., No. 1023 (1900) (Serial 3896), 411-88.

Bearss, Edwin C. Proposed Klondike Gold Rush National Historical Park Historic Resource Study. Washington, D.C.: National Park Service, 1970.

Berg, Henry C. and Edward H. Cobb. Metalliferous Lode Deposits of Alaska. Geological Survey Bulletin No. 1246. Reprint edition. Fairbanks: Alaskan Prospectors Publishing, n.d.

Brooks, Alfred H. "General Information Concerning the Territory by Geographic Provinces: The Yukon District." Maps and Descriptions of Routes of Exploration in Alaska in 1899, 85-131. Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1899.

______. Mineral Resources of Alaska: The Nabesna-White River District, Alaska. USGS Bulletin No. 442. Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1910.

______. Mineral Resources of Alaska: Report on Progress of Investigation in 1919. USGS Bulletin No. 714. Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1921.

______. "The Alaska Mining Industry in 1918." Mineral Resources of Alaska: Report on Progress of Investigation in 1918. USGS Bulletin No. 712. Washington, D.C. GPO, 1920.

______. Mineral Resources of Alaska: Report on Progress of Investigation in 1907. USGS Bulletin No. 345. Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1908.

______. Mineral Resources of Alaska: Report on Progress of Investigation in 1909. USGS Bulletin No. 442. Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1910.

______. Mineral Resources of Alaska: Report on Progress of Investigation in 1911. USGS Bulletin No. 520. Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1912.

______. Mineral Resources of Alaska: Report on Progress of Investigation in 1913. USGS Bulletin No. 592. Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1914.

______. Mineral Resources of Alaska: Report on Progress of Investigation in 1916. USGS Bulletin No. 662. Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1918.

Cantwell, J.C. Report of the Operations of the US. Revenue Steamer 'Nunivak' on the Yukon River Station, Alaska, 1899-1901. Senate Ex. Doc., 58th Cong., 2d sess., No. 155 (1904) (Serial 4599).

Capps, Stephen R. The Chisana-White River District, Alaska. USGS Bulletin No. 630. Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1916.

Cobb, Edward H. Placer Deposits of Alaska. USGS Bulletin No. 1374. Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1973.

Compilation of Narratives of Exploration in Alaska. Senate Reps., 56th Cong., 1st sess., No. 1023. Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1900.

Dunham, Samuel C. "The Alaskan Goldfields and the Opportunities They Offer for Capital and Labor." Bulletin of the Department of Labor, 297-425. Edited by Carroll D. Wright. House Ex. Doc., 55th Cong., 2d sess., No. 206, pt.3 (1898).

______. "The Yukon and Nome Gold Regions." Bulletin of the Department of Labor No. 29, 832-72. Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1900.

Glenn, E.F. "A Trip into the Tanana Region, 1898." Compilation of Narratives of Exploration in Alaska, Senate Reps., 56th Cong., 1st sess., No. 1023 (1900) (Serial 3896), 629-47.

______. "Explorations in and about Cook Inlet, 1899." Compilation of Narratives of Exploration in Alaska. Senate Reps., 56th Cong., 1st sess., No. 1023 (1900) (Serial 3896), 713-24.

Mackevett, E.M. Jr., et al. Mineral Resources of Glacier Bay National Monument, Alaska. USGS Professional Paper No. 632, Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1971.

Mendenhall, Walter C. and Frank C. Schrader. Mineral Resources of the Mount Wrangell District, Alaska. USGS Professional Paper No. 15. Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1903.

Mertie, J.B., Fr. Geology of the Eagle-Circle District, Alaska. USGS Bulletin No. 816. Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1930.

______. The Yukon-Tanana Region. USGS Bulletin No. 872. Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1937.

Moffit, Fred H. Fairhaven Gold Placers, USGS Bulletin No. 247. Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1905.

______. Mineral Resources of the Kenai Peninsula, Alaska. USGS Bulletin No. 277. Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1906.

Moffit, Fred H. and J.B. Mertie, Jr. The Kotsina-Kuskulana District, Alaska. USGS Bulletin No. 745. Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1923.

Orth, Donald J. Dictionary of Alaska Place Names. USGS Professional Paper No. 567. Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1967.

Petrov, Ivan. Population and Resources of Alaska. House Ex. Doc., 46th Cong., 3d sess., No. 40 (1881).

______. "Population and Resources of Alaska." Compilation of Narratives of Exploration in Alaska. Senate Reps., 56th Cong., 1st sess., No. 1023 (1900) (Serial 3896), 55-284.

Richardson, Wilds P. "The Mighty Yukon as Seen and Explored." Compilation of Narratives of Exploration in Alaska. Senate Reps., 56th Cong., 1st sess., No. 1023 (1900) (Serial 3896), 745-51.

______. "Relief of the Destitute in the Gold Fields, 1897." Compilation of Narratives of Exploration in Alaska. Senate Reps., 56th Cong., 1st sess., No. 1023 (1900) (Serial 3896), 504-11.

Schrader, F.C. "A Reconnaissance of a Part of Prince William Sound and the Copper River District in 1898." in Twentieth Annual Report, USGS, Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1899.

Schwatka, Frederick. Report of a Military Reconnaissance in Alaska, Made in 1883. Senate Ex. Doc., 48th Cong., 2d sess., No. 2 (1885) (Serial 2261).

______. "A Reconnaissance of the Yukon Valley, 1883." Compilation of Narratives of Exploration in Alaska. Senate Reps., 56th Cong., 1str sess., No. 1023 (1900) (Serial 3896), 285-364.

Smith, Michael E. Alaska's Historic Roadhouses. History and Archeology Series No. 6. Anchorage: Alaska Division of Parks, 1974.

Smith, Philip S. Mineral Industry of Alaska in 1936. USGS Bulletin No. 897. Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1938.

______. Mineral Industry of Alaska in 1937. USGS Bulletin No. 910-A. Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1939.

______. Mineral Industry of Alaska in 1938. USGS Bulletin No. 917. Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1939.

______. Mineral Industry of Alaska in 1940. USGS Bulletin No. 933-A. Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1942.

______. Mineral Resources of Alaska. USGS Bulletin No. 824-A. Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1930.

______. Mineral Resources of Alaska: Report on Progress of Investigation in 1924. USGS Bulletin No. 783, 1-30. Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1926.

______. Mineral Resources of Alaska: Report on Progress of Investigation in 1930. USGS Bulletin No. 836, 1-84. Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1933.

______. Mineral Resources of Alaska: Report on Progress of Investigation in 1932. USGS Bulletin No. 857, 1-78. Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1934.

______. Mineral Resources of Alaska: Report on Progress of Investigation in 1933. USGS Bulletin No. 864, 1-82. Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1936.

______. Mineral Resources of Alaska: Report on Progress of Investigation in 1936. USGS Bulletin No. 897. Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1938.

Spurr, Josiah E. "Geology of the Yukon Gold District, Alaska." Eighteenth Annual Report, USGS. Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1898.

White, Donald E. Antimony Deposits of the Stampede Creek Area Kantishna District, Alaska. USGS Bulletin No. 936-N. Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1942.

Wimmler, Norman. Placer-Mining Methods and Costs in Alaska. Bureau of Mines Bulletin No. 259. Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1927.

United States Documents - General

U.S. Alaska Railroad Commission. Railway Routes in Alaska. House Ex. Doc., 62nd Cong., 3d sess., No. 1346. Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1913.

U.S. Congress. Senate. Committee on Public Lands. Government Railroad and Coal Lands in Alaska. 62nd cong., 2d sess. Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1912.

______. Committee on Territories. Conditions in Alaska. Senate Reps., 58th Cong., 2d sess., No. 282. Pt. 2. Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1904.

Committee on Territories. Construction of Railroads in Alaska 63rd Cong., 1st sess. Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1913.

______. Investigation of the Department of the Interior and of the Bureau of Forestry, Senate Document 719, 61st Cong., 3d sess. Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1911.

U.S. Department of the Interior. Annual Report of the Governor of Alaska to the Department of the Interior, 1890-1935.

______. Annual Report of the Secretary of the Interior, 1885-1920.

IV. Newspapers

Alaska Forum, (Rampart) 1900-1902.

Alaska Weekly, 1923-35.

Chicago Daily Tribune, 1897-98.

Dyea Trail, 1898.

Fairbanks Daily News, 1903; 1905-11.

Juneau Mining Record, 1891.

New York Journal, 1897-98.

San Francisco Chronicle, 1897-98.

San Francisco Examiner, 1897-98.

Seattle Post-Intelligencer, 1897-98.

Seattle Times, 1897-98.

Skagway News, 1898.

Yukon Press, 1894-99.

Other Alaska newspapers have been consulted for particular references and specific time periods.

V. Books

Alaska Geographic Society. Koyukuk. Vol. 10, No. 4 Anchorage: Alaska Northwest Publishing Co., 1983.

Adney, Edwin Tappan. The Klondike Stampede of 1897-98. New York: Harper and Brothers Publishers, 1900.

Archibald, Margaret. Grubstake to Grocery Store: Supplying the Klondike, 1897-1907. Canadian Historic Sites No. 26. Ottawa: Parks Canada, 1983.

Beach, Rex. Personal Exposures. New York: Harper and Brothers, 1940.

______. The Iron Trail. New York: Harper and Brothers, 1913. Valley of Thunder. New York: Farrar and Rinehart, 1939.

Beach, William. The Shadow of Mt. McKinley. New York: Derrydals, 1931.

Berton, Pierre, The Klondike Fever: The Life and Death of the Last Great Gold Rush. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1974.

Black, Mrs. George. My Ninety Years. Toronto: Nelson Co., 1938.

Bohn, Dave. Glacier Bay. Gustavus: Alaska National Parks and Monuments Association, 1967.

Bond, Jr., Marshall. Gold Hunter: The Adventures of Marshall Bond. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1969.

Boswell, John. History of the Alaskan Operations of the USSR&M Co. Fairbanks: MIRD, University of Alaska, [n.d.].

Bramble, Charles A. Klondike: A Manual of Goldseekers. New York; R.F. Fenno, 1897.

Brooks, Alfred H. Blazing Alaska's Trails. College: University of Alaska Press, 1953.

Busbe, Frank. "Sam Dunham: Forgotten Gold Rush Poet." Alaska Journal, Annual Collection, 1981, 126-33.

Caldwell, Francis E. Lands of Ocean Mists. Edmonds: Alaska Northwest Publishing Co., 1986.

Canton, Frank. Frontier Trails. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1966.

Chase, Will H. Reminiscence of Captain Billie Moore. Kansas City: Booton Publishing Co., 1947.

Clifford, Howard. Skagway Story. Edmonds: Alaska Northwest Publication Co., 1975.

Cole, Terrence. E. T. Barnette: The Strange Story of the Man Who Founded Fairbanks. Anchorage: Alaska Northwest Publishing Co., 1981.

Conger, Horace S. In Search of Gold. Anchorage: Alaska Geographic Society, 1983.

Copper Handbook. Vol. 5. Houghton, Michigan: Horace J. Stevens, 1905.

DeArmond, Robert. The Founding of Juneau. Juneau: Gastineau Channel Centennial Association, 1967.

Denison, Merrill. Klondike Mike. Cleveland: World Publishing Co., 1945.

Evans, Chad. Frontier Theatre. Victoria, B.C.: Sono Nis Press, 1983.

Friesen, Richard J. The Chilkoot: A Literature Review. Manuscript Report No. 203. Ottawa: Canada, Department of Indian and Northern Affairs. Parks Canada, 1977.

Garland, Hamlin. Trail of the Gold-Seekers. New York: Macmillan Publishing Co., 1899.

Grinnell, Joseph. Gold Hunting in Alaska. Elgin, Ill.: David C. Cook, 1901.

Gruening, Ernest. An Alaskan Reader, 1887-1974. New York: Meredith Press, 1967.

______. The State of Alaska. New York: Random House, 1956.

Hamilton, David Mike. "The Tools of My Trade": The Annotated Books in Jack London's Library. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1986.

Hanable, William. Alaska's Copper River — The 18th and 19th Centuries. Anchorage: Alaska Historical Society for the Alaska Historical Commission, 1983.

Heller, Herbert L., ed. Sourdough Sagas. New York: Ballantine Books, 1967.

Hunt, William R. Alaska: A Bicentennial History. New York: W.W. Norton and Co., 1976.

______. Arctic Passage: The Turbulent History of the Land and People of the Bering Sea 1897-1975. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1975.

______. Distant Justice: Policing the Alaska Frontier. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1987.

North of 53°: The Wild Days of the Alaska-Yukon Mining Frontier 1870-1914. New York: Macmillan Publishing Co., 1974.

Janson, Lone E. The Copper Spike. Anchorage: Alaska Northwest Publishing Co., 1975.

Kitchener, L.D. Flag Over the North: The Story of the Northern Commercial Company. Seattle: Superior Publishing Co., 1954.

London, Jack. Love of Life and Other Stories. New York: Macmillan Publishing Co., 1907.

Lynch, Jeremiah. Three Years in the Klondike. London: Arnold and Co., 1904.

MacGregor, J.G. Klondike Rush through Edmonton. Toronto: McClelland & Stewart, 1970.

McQuesten, Leroy M. Recollections of Life in the Yukon, 1871-1885. Dawson City: Yukon Order of Pioneers, 1952.

Marbery, M.M. Splendid Posur. New York: Crowell, 1953.

Margeson, Charles A. Experiences of Gold Hunters in Alaska. [n.p.], 1899.

Marsh, Floyd R. 20 Years a Soldier of Fortune. Portland, Oregon: Binfords and Mort, 1976.

Marshall, Robert. Arctic Village. New York: Literary Guild, 1933.

Martinsen, Ella Lung. Black Sand and Gold. Portland, Oregon: Metropolitan Publishing Co., 1967.

Mercier, Francois. Recollections of the Yukon. Anchorage: Alaska Historical Society, 1986.

Mertie, Evelyn. Thirty Summers and a Winter. Fairbanks: Mining Industry Resources Lab, University of Alaska, 1982.

Mining in Alaska's Past. Conference Proceedings Anchorage: Alaska Division of Parks, Publication Number 27, 1980.

Minter, Roy. The White Pass: Gateway to the Klondike. Fairbanks: University of Alaska Press, 1987.

Moore, Bernard J. Skagway in Days Primeval. New York: Vantage Press, 1968.

Naske, Claus M. Paving Alaska's Trails: The Work of the Alaska Road Commission. New York: University Press of America, 1986.

Nichols, Jeannette Paddock. Alaska. Cleveland: Arthur Clark and Co., 1924.

O'Conner, Richard. Jack London. Boston: Little Brown, 1964.

Ogilvie, William. Early Days on the Yukon and the Story of Its Gold Finds. Ottawa: Thornburn and Abbott, 1913.

Patty, Ernest N. North Country Challenge. New York: David McKay and Co., 1969.

Pearson, Grant. A History of Mount McKinley National Park, Alaska. Mount McKinley: National Park Service, 1953.

Peel, Robert. Mining Engineers' Handbook. 1, Third Edition. New York: John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 1941.

Perry, John. Jack London: An American Myth. Chicago: Nelson & Hall, 1981.

Powell, Addison M. Trailing and Camping in Alaska. New York: Wessels and Bissel, 1910.

Reinicker, Juliette C. Klondike Letters. Anchorage: Alaska Northwest Publishing Co., 1984.

Rickard, T.A. Through the Yukon and Alaska, San Francisco: Mining and Scientific Press, 1909.

Ricks, Melvin B. Alaska in Literature: A Descriptive Bibliography. Juneau: Alaska Historical Library, typescript, 1960. A published version, edited by Stephen W. and Betty J. Haycox, is Alaska Bibliography, Portland, Oregon, Binfords and Mort for the Alaska Historical Commission, 1977.

Roden, Henry. Alaska Mining Law. Juneau: Henry Roden, 1913.

______. Alaska Mining Law. Juneau: Henry Roden, 1933.

______. Alaska Mining Law. Juneau: Henry Roden, 1940.

Service, Robert W. Collected Poems. New York: Dodd, Mead, and Co., 1968.

______. Ploughman of the Moon. London: Benn, 1946.

Seward, Oliver Risley. William Seward's Travels Around the World. New York: Appleton Publishing Co., 1873.

Sheldon, Charles. The Wilderness of Denali. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1960.

Sherwood, Morgen. Alaska and Its History. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1967.

______. Exploration of Alaska, 1865-1900. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1965.

Schwatka, Frederick. Along Alaska's Great River. New York: Carsell, 1885.

Smith, Duane A. Rocky Mountain Mining Camps: The Urban Frontier. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1974.

Spude, Robert L. Chilkoot Trail: From Dyea to Summit with the '98 Stampeders. Anthropology and Historic Preservation Occasional Paper, No. 26. Fairbanks: University of Alaska Cooperative Park Studies Unit, 1980.

Spurr, Josiah Edward. Through the Yukon Gold Diggings, a Narrative of Personal Travel. Boston: Eastern Publishing Co., 1900.

Stanley, William M. A Mile of Gold. Chicago: Laird and Lee, 1898.

Steele, Colonel S.B. Forty Years in Canada. London: Jenkins, 1915.

Stone, David and Brenda. Hard Rock Gold. Juneau: Juneau Centennial Committee, 1980.

Stuck, Hudson. Alaska Missions of the Episcopal Church: A Brief Sketch, Historical and Descriptive. New York: Domestic and Foreign Missionary Society, 1920.

______. Voyage on the Yukon and Its Tributaries: A Narrative of Summer Travel in the Interior of Alaska. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1917.

______. A Winter Circuit of Our Arctic Coast: A Narrative of a Journey with Dogsleds around the Entire Coast of Alaska. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1920.

Tollermache, Stratford. Reminiscences of the Yukon. Toronto: Briggs, 1912.

Transportation in Alaska's Past. Anchorage: Alaska Historical Society, 1982.

VanStone, James W. Eskimos of the Nushagak River. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1967.

Walker, Franklin. Jack London and the Klondike. San Marino: Huntington Library, 1966.

Webb, Melody. The Last Frontier. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1985.

Wickersham, James. Old Yukon. Washington: Washington Law Book Co., 1938.

Winchester, Captain J.D. Captain J.D. Winchester's Experience on a Voyage from Lynn, Massachusetts to San Francisco, Cal., and to the Alaskan Gold Fields. Salem: Newcomb and Gauss, 1900.

Wolff, Ernest. Handbook for the Alaskan Prospector. Fairbanks: University of Alaska, 1969.

Wolff, Ernest and Bruce I. Thomas. The Effects of Placer Mining on the Environment in Central Alaska, Report No. 48, Fairbanks: Mineral Industries Research Lab, 1982.

Wright, Allen A. Prelude to Bonanza: The Discovery and Exploration of the Yukon. Sidney, B.C.: Gray's Publishing Co., 1976.

Wyman, J.N. Journey to the Koyubuk: The Photos of J.N. Wyman, 1898-1899. Missoula: Pictorial Histories, 1988.

Young, Hall. Hall Young of Alaska. New York: Revell Publishing Co., 1927.

VI. Articles

Andrews, C.L. "Viewing the Copper River Spectacle." Alaska-Yukon Magazine, x(4), (October 1910), 231-37.

Angel, Charles Wilkes. "And Going Home We Lost the Rudder!" Alaska Sportsman, (September 1943), 16, 17, 25-30.

Apostol, Jane. "Charles W. Watts: An Oregonian in the Klondike. Oregon Historical Quarterly, lxxxvii 1 (Spring 1986), 5-20.

Bundtzen, Thomas. "A History of Mining in the Kantishna Hills." Alaska Journal, (Spring 1978), 151-61.

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