ICE AGE Geology of Ice Age National Scientific Reserve of Wisconsin NPS Scientific Monograph No. 2

AKERS, R. H. 1961. Clay minerals of glacial deposits of west-central Wisconsin. M. S. Thesis. Univ. Wis. 82 p.

_____. 1964. Unusual surficial deposits in the Driftless Area of Wisconsin. Ph. D. Thesis. Univ. Wis. 169 p.

AKERS, W. H. 1965. Pliocene-Pleistocene boundary, northern Gulf of Mexico. Science 149:741-742.

ALDEN, W. C. 1905. The drumlins of southern Wisconsin. U.S. Geol. Surv. Bull. 273. 46 p.

______. 1918. The Quaternary geology of southeastern Wisconsin. U.S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Paper 106. 356 p.

______. 1932. Glacial geology of the central states. 16th Intern. Geol. Cong. Guidebook 26, Excursion C-3. 54 p.

ANDERSON, R. C. 1957. Pebble and sand lithology of the major Wisconsin glacial lobes of the central lowland. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 68:1415-1450.

ANDREWS, G. W. 1958. Windrow Formation of Upper Mississippi Valley region—a sedimentary and stratigraphic study. J. Geol. 66:597-624.

ANTEVS, E. 1962. Transatlantic climatic agreement versus C 14 date. J. Geol. 70:194-205.

BACHHUBER, F. W. 1966. Pollen analysis from Hansen Marsh—An upland site, southcentral Wisconsin. M.S. Thesis. Univ. Wis. 30 p.

BATES, R. E. 1939. Geomorphic history of the Kickapoo region, Wisconsin. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 50:819-879.

BERKEY. C. P. 1897. Geology of the St. Croix Dalles. Am. Geol. 20:345-383.

BLACK, R. F. 1959a. Friends of the Pleistocene. Science 130:172-173.

______. 1959b. Geology of Raddatz rockshelter, Sk5, Wisconsin. Wis. Archeol. 40:69-82.

______. 1960. Driftless Area of Wisconsin was glaciated. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 71(2):1827.

______. 1962. Pleistocene chronology of Wisconsin. Geol. Soc. Am. Spec. Paper 68:13 7.

______. 1964a. Periglacial phenomena of Wisconsin, northcentral United States. Report VI Intern. Congress on Quaternary, Periglacial section. 4:21-28.

______. 1964b. The physical geography of Wisconsin. Wisconsin Blue Book, State of Wisconsin.

______. 1970. Glacial geology of Two Creeks Forest Bed, Valderan type locality, and Northern Kettle Moraine State Forest. Univ. Wis. Geol. and Nat. Hist. Surv. Inf. Circ. No. 13.

______. 1964c. Potholes and associated gravel of Devils Lake State Park. Wis. Acad. Sci. Arts Letters Trans. 53:165-175.

______. 1965. Ice-wedge casts of Wisconsin. Wis. Acad. Sci. Arts Letters Trans. 54:187-222.

______. 1966. Valders glaciation in Wisconsin and upper Michigan—A progress report. Great Lakes Research Division, Univ. Mich. Publ. 15:169-175.

______, F. D. HOLE, L. J. MAHER, and J. E. FREEMAN. 1965. Field guide for Wisconsin. Pages 56-81 in Guidebook for Field Conference C. Intern. Assoc. Quaternary Res. 7th Congress. 126 p.

______, and E. C. REED, organizers. 1965. Guidebook for Field Conference C. Upper Mississippi Valley. Intern. Assoc. Quaternary Res. 7th Congress. 126 p.

BRETZ, J. H. 1950. Glacial Lake Merrimac. Ill. State Acad. Sci. Trans. 43:132-136.

______. 1959. The double Calumet stage of Lake Chicago. J. Geol. 67:675-684.

______1964. Correlation of glacial lake stages in the Huron-Erie and Michigan basins. J. Geol. 72:618-627.

______. 1966. Correlation of glacial lake stages in the Huron-Erie and Michigan basins. J. Geol. 74:78-79.

BROECKER, W. S., and W. R. FARRAND. 1963. Radiocarbon age of the Two Creeks Forest Bed, Wisconsin. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 74:795-802.

______, M. EWING, and B. C. HEEZEN. 1960. Evidence for an abrupt change in climate close to 11,000 years ago. Am. J. Sci. 258:429-448.

CHAMBERLIN, R. T. 1905. The glacial features of the St. Croix Dalles region. J. Geol. 13:238-256.

______. 1910. Older drifts in the St. Croix region. J. Geol. 18:542-548.

CHAMBERLIN, T. C. 1877. Geology of eastern Wisconsin. Pages 199-246 in Geology of Wisconsin. Quaternary formations—the drift. Commissioner of Public Printing, Wis. 405 p.

______. 1878. On the extent and significance of the Wisconsin kettle moraine. Wis. Acad. Sci. Arts Letters Trans. 4:20 1-234.

______. 1883a. Terminal moraine of the second glacial epoch. U. S. Geol. Surv. 3rd Annu. Rep.

______. 1883b. Quaternary age. Pages 261-298 in Geology of Wisconsin. Commissioner of Public Printing, Wis.

CHARLESWORTH, J. K. 1957. The Quaternary Era. Edward Arnold Ltd., London, England. 2 vols. 1700 p.

CIOLKOSZ, E. J. 1965. Peat mounds of southeastern Wisconsin. Soil Surv. Horizons 6(2):15-17.

COOPER, W. S. 1935. The history of the Upper Mississippi River in late Wisconsin and post-glacial times. Minn. Geol. Surv. Bull. 26. 116 p.

CULBERSON, W. L. 1955. The fossil mosses of the Two Creeks Forest Bed of Wisconsin, Am. Midl. Nat. 54:452-459.

DAMON, P. E. 1965. Pleistocene time scales. Science 148:1037, 1039.

DEEVEY, E. S., Jr. 1965. Pleistocene non-marine environments. Pages 643-652 in H. E. Wright, Jr. and D. G. Frey, eds. Quaternary of the United States. Princeton Univ. Press, New Jersey.

DREIMANIS, A. 1964. Notes on the Pleistocene timescale in Canada. Pages 139-156 in F. F. Osborne, ed. Geochronology in Canada. R. Soc. Can. Spec. Publ. 8.

_____, and J. C. VOGEL. 1965. Reevaluation of the length of the Port Talbot Interstadial in the Lake Erie region, Canada. Pages 782-791 in Sixth Intern. Carbon Dating Conf. Proc. Paper 71.

DURY, G. H. 1964. Subsurface exploration and chronology of underfit streams. U. S. Geol. Surv. Prof Paper 452-B. 56 p.

______. 1965. Theoretical implications of underfit streams. U. S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Paper 452-C. 43 p.

ELSON, J. A. 1957. Lake Agassiz and the Mankato-Valders problem. Science 126:999-1002.

EMILIANI, C. 1954. Temperatures of Pacific bottom waters and polar superficial waters during the Tertiary. Science 119:853-855.

______. 1955. Pleistocene temperatures. J. Geol. 63:538-578.

______. 1961. Cenozoic climatic changes. N. Y. Acad. Sci. Annals. 95:521-536.

______, T. MAYEDA, and R. SELLI. 1961. Paleotemperature analysis of the Plio-Pleistocene section at Le Castella, Calabria, southern Italy. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 72:679-688.

ERICSON, D. B., M. EWING, and G. WOLLIN. 1963. Pliocene-Pleistocene boundary in deep-sea sediments. Science 139:727-737.

______. 1964. The Pleistocene Epoch in deep-sea sediments. Science 146:723-732.

EVERNDEN, J. F., D. E. SAVAGE, G. H. CURTIS. and G. T. JAMES. 1964. Potassium-argon dates and the Cenozoic mammalian chronology of North America. Am. J. Sci. 262:145-198.

FENTON, C. L., and M. A. FENTON. 1952. Giants of geology. Doubleday & Co., New York. 333 p.

FLINT, R. F. 1957. Glacial and Pleistocene geology. J. Wiley & Sons, New York. 553 p.

______. 1965. The Pliocene-Pleistocene boundary. Geol. Soc. Am. Spec. Paper 84.

FRYE, J. C. 1963. Problems of interpreting the bedrock surface of Illinois. Ill. State Acad. Sci. Trans. 56:3-11.

______, H. B. WILLMAN. 1960. Classification of the Wisconsinan Stage in the Lake Michigan glacial lobe. Ill. State Geol. Surv. Circ. 285. 16 p.

______, H. B. WILLMAN. and R. F. BLACK. 1965. Glacial geology of Illinois and Wisconsin. Pages 43-61 in H. E. Wright, Jr., and D. G. Frey, eds. Quaternary of the United States. Princeton Univ. Press. New Jersey. 922 p.

GEIKIE, A. 1894. The great ice age and its relation to the antiquity of man. 3rd ed. D. Appleton & Co., London. 850 p.

GIESSING. J. 1965-66. On "plastic scouring" and "subglacial erosion." Norsk Geografisk Tidsskr. 20:1-37.

GLENN, R. C., M. L. JACKSON, F. D. HOLE, and G. B. LEE. 1960. Chemical weathering of layer silicate clays in loess—derived Tama silt loam of southwestern Wisconsin. Pages 63-83 in Eighth National Conference Clays and Clay Minerals. Pergamon Press, New York.

GOLDTHWAIT, J. W. 1907. The abandoned shore lines of eastern Wisconsin. Wis. Geol. Surv. Bull. 17. 134 p.

HARLOFF, N. C. 1942. Lacustrine clays of glacial Lake Wisconsin as determined by fire protection well records. Ph. D. Thesis. University of Wisconsin.

HENDRIX. T. E., and M. SCHAIOWITZ. 1964. Gravitational structures in the Baraboo quartzite near Baraboo, Wisconsin. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 75:1045-1050.

HOGAN, J. D., and M. T. BEATTY. 1963. Age and properties of Peorian loess and buried paleosols in southwestern Wisconsin. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. Proc. 27:345-350.

HOLE, F. D. 1943. Correlation of the glacial border drift of north central Wisconsin. Am. J. Sci. 241:498-516.

HORBERG, C. L. 1946. Preglacial erosion surfaces in Illinois. J. Geol. 54:179-192.

HOUGH, J. L. 1958. Geology of the Great Lakes. University of Illinois Press. 313 p.

______. 1963. The prehistoric Great Lakes of North America. Am. Sci. 51:84-109.

______. 1966. Correlation of glacial lake stages in the Huron-Erie and Michigan basins. J. Geol. 74:62-77.

JUDAY, C. 1914. The inland lakes of Wisconsin. Wis. Geol. Surv. Bull. 27. 137 p.

KAMB, B. 1964. Glacier geophysics. Science 146:353-365.

KEMPTON, J. P. 1963. Subsurface stratigraphy of the Pleistocene deposits of central northern Illinois. Ill. State Geol. Surv. Circ. 356. 43 p.

KRINSLEY, D. H., and W. S. NEWMAN. 1965. Pleistocene glaciation——A criterion for recognition of its onset. Science 149:442-443.

LEIGHTON, M. M. 1960. The classification of the Wisconsin glacial stage of north central United States. J. Geol. 68:529-552.

LEVERETT, F. 1929. Moraines and shore lines of the Lake Superior region. U. S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Paper 154. 72 p.

______. 1932. Quaternary geology of Minnesota and parts of adjacent states. U. S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Paper 161. 149 p.

______, and F. B. TAYLOR. 1915. The Pleistocene of Indiana and Michigan and the history of the Great Lakes. U.S. Geol. Surv. Monogr. 53. 529 p.

LIBBY, W. F. 1961. Radiocarbon dating. Science 133:621-629.

MARTIN, L. 1932. The physical geography of Wisconsin. Wis. Geol. Surv. Bull. 36. 608 p. Reprinted 1965. University of Wisconsin Press.

MATHIESEN J. T. 1940. The Pleistocene of part of northwestern Wisconsin. Wis. Acad. Sci. Arts Letters Trans. 32:251-272.

OAKES, E. L. 1960. The Woodfordian moraines of Rock County, Wisconsin. M. S. Thesis, University of Wisconsin, 61 p.

OWEN, D. D. 1852, Report of o geological survey of Wisconsin, Iowa, and Minnesota. Lippincott, Grambo & Co., Philadelphia. 638 p.

PALMER, H. A. 1954. A review of the Interstate Park, Wisconsin bison find. Iowa Acad. Sci. Proc. 61:313-319,

PALMQUIST R. C. 1965. Geomorphic development of part of the Driftless Area, southwest Wisconsin, Ph. D. Thesis. University of Wisconsin. 182 p.

PARK, R. A. 1965. Paleoecology of the late-glacial and post-glacial Luedtke marsh deposit, Waushara County, Wisconsin. M. S. Thesis, University of Wisconsin. 46 p.

PARMALEE, P. W. 1959. Animal remains from the Raddatz rockshelter, Sk5, Wisconsin, Wis. Archeol. 40:83-90,

PIETTE, C. R. 1963. Geology of Duck Creek Ridges, east-central Wisconsin. M. S. Thesis, University of Wisconsin. 86 p.

POWERS, W. E. 1946. The Dells and Devils Lake region, Wisconsin, Chi., Naturalist 9:74-86.

PROUTY, C. E. 1960. Lower Paleozoic and Pleistocene stratigraphy across central Wisconsin, Mich. Basin Geol. Soc. Annual Field Excursion. 34 p.

RAASCH, G. O. 1958. Baraboo monadnock and palaeo-wind direction, J. Alberta Soc. Petroleum Geologists 6:183-187.

ROY, E. C., Jr. 1964. Pleistocene non-marine Mollusca of northeastern Wisconsin. Sterkiana 15:5-75.

SALISBURY R. D. 1895. Preglacial gravels on the quartzite range near Baraboo, Wisconsin. J. Geol. 3:655-667.

______, and W. W. ATWOOD 1900. The geography of the region about Devils Lake and Dalles of the Wisconsin. Wis. Geol. Surv. Bull. 5. 151 p.

SARDESON F. W. 1936. Pleistocene St. Croix River, Pan Am. Geol. 65:189-208.

SATHER, L. M., and C. W. THREINEN. 1963. Surface water resources of Chippewa County. Wis. Conserv. Dep. 154 p.

SCHWEGER, C. E. 1966. Pollen analysis of Iola bog and paleoecology of the Two Creeks interval, M. S. Thesis, University of Wisconsin, 41 p.

SMITH, H. T. U. 1949. Periglacial features in the Driftless Area of southern Wisconsin. J. Geol. 57:196-215.

SQUIER, G. H. 1916. Discussion of the phenomena of local glaciation in the Driftless Area, Unpubl. Files Wis. Geol. Surv.

STRONG, M. 1880. Geology of the upper St. Croix district, Pages 365-428 in Geology of Wisconsin. Vol. 3. 736 p.

THWAITES, F. T. 1926. The origin and significance of pitted outwash. J. Geol. 34:308-319.

______. 1935. Physiography of the Baraboo district, Wisconsin, Kansas Geol. Soc. Guidebook, 9th Annual Field Conf.

______. 1943. Pleistocene of part of northeastern Wisconsin, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 54:87-144.

______. 1958. Land forms of the Baraboo district, Wisconsin, Wis. Acad. Sci. Arts Letters Trans. 47:137-159,

______. 1960. Evidences of dissected erosion surfaces in the Driftless Area, Wis. Acad. Sci. Arts Letters Trans. 49:17-49.

______. 1961. The base of the St. Peter sandstone in southwestern Wisconsin. Wis. Acad. Sci. Arts Letters Trans. 50:203-219,

______, and K. BERTRAND. 1957. Pleistocene geology of the Door Peninsula, Wisconsin, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 68:831-880.

TROWBRIDGE, A. C. 1917. The history of Devils Lake, Wisconsin, J. Geol. 25:344-372.

______. 1921. The erosional history of the Driftless Area, University of Iowa Studies in Natural History. Vol. 9. 127 p.

UPHAM. W. 1900. Giants' kettles eroded by moulin torrents. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 12:25-44,

______. 1905. Age of the St. Croix Dalles. Am. Geol. 35:347-355.

WANENMACHER, J. M., W. H. TWENHOEEL, and G. O. RAASCH, 1934. The Paleozoic strata of the Baraboo area, Wisconsin. Am, J. Sci. 28:1-30.

WAYNE, W. J. and J. H. ZUMBERGE. 1965. Pleistocene geology of Indiana and Michigan. Pages 63-84 in H. E. Wright, Jr., and D. G. Frey, eds. Quaternary of the United States. Princeton University Press, New Jersey. 922 p.

WEIDMAN, S. 1904. The Baraboo iron-bearing district of Wisconsin, Wis. Geol. Surv. Bull. 13. 190 p.

______. 1907. The geology of northcentral Wisconsin. Wis. Geol. Surv. Bull. 16. 697 p.

WEST, R. G. 1961. Late and postglacial vegetational history in Wisconsin, particularly changes associated with the Valders readvance. Am. J. Sci. 259:766-783.

WHITE, G. W. 1964. Early description and explanation of kettle holes. J. Glac. 5:119-122,

______, and S. M. TOTTEN. 1965. Wisconsinan age of the Titusville Till (formerly called "Inner Illinoian"), northwest Pennsylvania, Science 148:234-235.

WILSON. L. R. 1932. The Two Creeks Forest Bed, Manitowoc County, Wisconsin. Wis. Acad. Sci. Arts Letters Trans. 27:31-46.

______. 1936. Further fossil studies of the Two Creeks Forest Bed, Manitowoc County, Wisconsin, Torrey Bot. Club. Bull. 66:317-325.

WITTRY, W. L. 1959. The Raddatz rock shelter, Sk5, Wisconsin, Wis. Archeol. 40:33-69.

WRIGHT, H. E., Jr. 1964. Classification of the Wisconsin glacial stage. J. Geol. 72:628-637.

_____, and D. G. FREY, eds. 1965. The Quaternary of the United States, 7th Congress. Intern. Assoc. Quaternary Res. Princeton University Press, New Jersey. 922 p.

______, and M. RUBIN. 1956. Radiocarbon dates of Mankato drift in Minnesota. Science 124:625-626. Discussion 1957. Science 125:1037-1039.

_____, and R. V. RUHE. 1965. Glaciation of Minnesota and Iowa, Pages 29-41 in H. E. Wright, Jr., and D. G. Frey, eds. Quaternary of the United States, Princeton University Press, New Jersey. 922 p.

ZOLTAI, S. C. 1965. Glacial features of the Quetico-Nipigon area, Ontario. Can. J. Earth Sci. 2:247-269.