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Fort Vancouver
Cultural Landscape Report |
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APPENDIX E: ORCHARD PLANT LIST AND CHRONOLOGY
Historic references to fruit trees usually did not differentiate between locations in the garden or orchard. The following list includes any references to fruit trees: if known, the location is noted. Documentation suggests there were mainly apples, peaches and pears in the orchard).
| DATE | TYPE OF PLANT | NOTES OR SOURCES |
| ca. 1826—27 | apples | Carried over in a gentleman's' vest pocket from London. |
| 1828 | "some small apple trees" | |
| 1829 | 3 peach trees applies |
To McLoughlin from Francis A. Lemont, apprentice on the "Owyhee", from the Islands of San Juan Fernandez near Chile. |
| 1832 | apples, peaches (N. Wyeth, John Ball, George Allan) | Producing by 1832 so probably planted ca. 1829. |
| 1833 | apples (N. Wyeth, William Tolmie) | |
| 1834 | apples, peaches, pears (Jason Lee, J.K. Townsend) | The word "orchard" first mentioned. Jason Lee—"The orchard is young, but the quantity is so great that many of the branches would break if they were not prevented by props." |
| 1835 | apples, peaches, oranges, lemons, figs (Rev. Samuel Parker) | |
| 1836—1839 | The orchard delineated on 1844 map probably began during this time. | |
| 1836 | apples, peaches, plums, figs, citrons, oranges, lemons, Cherries, pears, pomegranates (Henry Spalding) | |
| 1838 | apples (William Tolmie) | |
| 1839 | Capt. E. Belcher noted among other plants (see garden list),
apples, plums and peaches. He may have been
referring to the Willamette Valley. In Sept. gardener William Bruce, brought out "under glass" a number of fruit trees from Joseph Paxton at Chiswick. | |
| 1841 | Pyrus malus, apple; Pyrus communis, pear; Vitis
vinifera, "Amygdalus persica, peach; Armeniaca vulgaris, apricot;
Prunus domestica, European plum; Prunus cerasus, European or Common
garden cherry; apples nectarines (William Brackenridge) |
List from Charles Pickering's notes on Brackenridge's reports—he
also noted: "a well conducted garden. . . The original
packages of seeds were brought, some by sea, but chiefly overland from
Montreal." Brackenridge observed: "The Apple Trees bore a remarkable heavy crop of fruit. . . there were from 4 to 500 of these in a bearing state. . ." |
| 1842 | William Tolmie on leave in England, requests permission "to take for the Vancouver Garden a box 4 feet x 2 containing grafts of choice Peach, Apricot, Pear, Plum, and Cherry trees prepared for me by a friend in Glasgow." No record, to date, of the box being sent or received. | |
| 1844 | apples | Northern half of orchard burned in September fire. Also northwest corner of garden fence. Although the fence was rebuilt, it appears this area of the orchard was never replanted. |
| 1845 | apples, peaches, pears (Thomas Lowe) | "the garden abounds with these fruits" |
| 1846 | apples (Thomas Lowe) | |
| 1851 | Peter Skene Ogden providing cuttings for American farmers in the Willamette Valley. | |
| 1854 | 80 fruit trees | Recorded on 1854 list of Company's improvements, valued at $20 each. It appears most of these were in the garden. |
| 1858 | The orchard fence was partially removed by the military. Also, army recruits "devastated" the orchard and garden. | |
| 1860 | The garden or "orchard" as it was called then, was four acres at time of HBC departure. |
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Last Updated: 27-Oct-2003