Sleeping Bear Dunes A Nationalized Lakeshore: The Creation and Administration of Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore

Archival and Manuscript Sources

Michigan Historical Collections, Bentely Historical Library, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.

Philip A. Hart Papers.
E. Genevieve Gillette Papers.
Martha Griffiths Papers.
George W. Romney Papers.
Joseph G. O'Hara Papers.

Michigan State Archives, Michigan Department of State, Lansing, Michigan.

Michigan Conservation Commission Records, 1924-1936.
Department of Natural Resources, State Park Files, Benzie State Park and D.H. Day State Park, 1935-1970.
Michigan Attorney General Records, Parks and Recreation, Sleeping Bear Dunes, 1945-1962. Michigan State Highway Department Records, 1924-1968.
Western Michigan Tourist Association Records.

Leelanau County Historical Society, Leland, Michigan.

Sleeping Bear Collection.
Travis D. Noble Papers.

National Archives and Records Administration, Mid-Atlantic Regional Center, Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania.

Great Lakes Shoreline Survey Records.
National Park Service, Northeast Regional Office, New Area Planning Records.

National Park Service, Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore, Empire, Michigan.

Legislative Records, 1961-1970.
Park Planning Files, 1970-1985.
Reader's Files (outgoing correspondence), 1971-1988.
Newspaper Clippings, 1970-1995.
Advisory Commission Minutes, 1971-1990.
Superintendent's Annual Report, 1971-1995.

Local Newspapers Cited

Record-Eagle (Traverse City, Michigan)
Leelanau Enterprise-Tribune
Detroit News
Detroit Free Press
Benzie County Patriot
Benzie County Advisor
Grand Rapids Press
Ann Arbor News

Informants and Oral History Interviews

Neal Bullington, Chief of Interpretation, Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore.
Howard Chapman, retired, Director, Rocky Mountain Regional Office, participated in Great Lakes Shoreline Survey.
John Daugherty, attorney-at-law and former Advisory Commission member.
Jo Ann Evans, Personnel Assistant, Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore.
James C. Gilbo, retired, engineer Leelanau County Road Commission.
Mary Ellen Hadjsky, local historian, Leland, Michigan.
Max Holden, Resource Management Specialist, Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore.
William Herd, Park Ranger, Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore.
Raymond Kimpel, retired Chief Ranger, Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore.
John Kawamoto, retired, Associate Regional Director, Midwest Regional Office, National Park Service.
Peter LaValley, Maintenance Supervisor, Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore.
Julius A. Martinek, retired, Superintendent of Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore.
Ivan D. Miller, Superintendent of Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore.
Charles Parkinson, retired, Chief of Interpretation, Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore.
Jack Pattie, Land Acquisition Officer, Saint Croix National Scenic Riverway, former land acquisition staff of Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore.
Duane Pearson, Assistant Superintendent, Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore.
Richard Peterson, Superintendent Big Thicket National Preserve, former Superintendent Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore.
Kathleen Stocking, author, daughter of Pierce Stocking, and Leelanau resident.

Books, Reports, Periodicals

Anderson, Charles M. Isle of View: A History of South Manitou Island. Frankfort, Mich.: privately printed, 1979.

Alesch, Richard, et al. Development Concept Plan/Interpretive Prospectus/Environmental Assessment, Glen Haven Area, Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore/Michigan. Denver: Denver Service Center, 1987.

Ashworth, William. The Late Great Lakes: An Environmental History. Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1987.

Barlowe, Raleigh. "Changing Land Use and Policies: The Lake States," The Great Lakes Forests: An Environmental and Social History, edited by Susan B. Flader. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1983.

Berthelot, Helen Washburn. Win Some, Lose Some: G. Mennen Williams and the New Democrats. Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1995.

Billings, Norman F. "Exercise Caution When Selecting Location on a Lake," Michigan Conservation Magazine (April 1945) 2, 10.

Bouge, Margaret Beattie. Around the Shores of Lake Michigan: A Guide to Sites. Madison: State Historical Society of Wisconsin, 1985.

Carpenter, Russell. "The Development of a Tourist Industry in the Little Traverse Bay Region." M.A. Essay, Loyola University Chicago, 1994.

Case, Leonard. Benzie County: A Bicentennial Reader. Benzonia, Mich.: Benzie County Bi-Centennial Commission, 1976.

Cockrell, Ron. D.H. Day's Kingdom: A Special History Study of Glen Haven Village Historic District. Omaha, Nebr.: Midwest Region, National Park Service, 1984.

Cockrell, Ron. A Special History of Port Oneida and the Pyramid Point Agricultural District, Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore. Omaha, Nebr.: National Park Service, 1984.

Cockrell, Ron. A Signature of Time and Eternity: The Administrative History of Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore, Indiana. Omaha, Nebr.: National Park Service, 1988.

Cowles, Henry C, "The Ecological Relations of the Vegetation on the Sand Dunes of Lake Michigan," Botanical Gazette 27, 95-177; 281-308; 361-9.

DeLongchamp, Shirley. "Henry Ford's Upper Peninsula," A Most Superior Land: Life in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan, edited by Russell McKee. Lansing: Michigan Department of Natural Resources, 1983.

Denver Service Center. Platte River Management Plan: Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore, Michigan. Denver: National Park Service, 1992.

Doherty, Robert. Disputed Waters: Native Americans and the Great Lakes Fishery. Lexington: University of Kentucky Press, 1990.

Edwards, Elizabeth. "The Battle for the Bear," The Small-Towner, (April 1986), 42-43.

Edwards, Elizabeth. "Port Oneida: A Community Slips Away," Traverse, (March 1990), 17-24.

Edwards, Elizabeth. "Suit Sunk, Case Closed," Travserse (December 1992), n.p.

Edwards, Elizabeth. "Old Mission Crusade," Traverse (September 1997), 40-7.

Elmer, Arthur C. "The Parks and Recreation Division." Department of Conservation Biennial Report, 1945-1946. Lansing: State of Michigan, 1946.

Environmental Resources Management. Platte River Management Plan, Boat Launch Facility, Sleeping Bear Dunes. Bloomington, Minn.: Land and Water Management Division, 1985.

Fraught, Carolyn. "Storm," Travserse (June 1998), 38.

Golf and Yacht Clubs. Resort Directory of Leland and Surrounding Region. Leland, Mich.: Leelanau Enterprise, 1937.

Gordon, Don. "Sleeping Bear, A Big Idea with Little Merit," Michigan Challenge (March 1962), 12-14.

Great Lakes Shoreline Survey. Remaining Shoreline Opportunities in Minnesota, Wisconsin, Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, Michigan, Pennsylvania, New York. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of the Interior, 1959.

Hartzog, George B. Battling For the National Parks. Mt.Kisco, N.Y.: Moyer Bell, 1988.

Haswell Susan Olsen and Arnold R. Alanen. A Garden Apart: An Agricultural and Settlement History of Michigan's Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore Region. Omaha, Nebr.: National Park Service, 1994.

Hawley, Jonathon P. "The Politics of National Park System Expansion: A Comparative Study of the Authorization of the Ozark National Scenic Riverways in Missouri and the Proposed Authorization of the Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore in Michigan." Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Missouri, 1968.

Hatt, Robert T. Island Life in Lake Michigan. Bloomfield Hills, Mich.: Cranbrook Institute of Science, 1948.

Hays, Samuel P. Beauty, Health, and Permanence: Environmental Politics in the United States, 1955-1985. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1987.

Hazlett, Brian, et al. The Terrestrial Vegetation and Flora of Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan, 1988.

Helm, Nan. Footprints Where Once They Walked. n.p.: privately printed, n.d.

Hubbard, Gurdon S. The Autobiography of Gurdon Saltonstall Hubbard, introduction by Caroline M. McIlvaine. New York: Citadel Press, 1969.

Inglis, James Gale. Northern Michigan Handbook for Travelers. Petoskey, Mich.: Geo. Spring, 1898.

Institute for Community Development & Services. Economic Feasibility of the Proposed Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore. East Lansing, Mich.: Michigan State University, 1961.

Kalt, Brian Charles. "Sixties Sandstorm: The Fight Over Establishment of a Sleeping Bear National Lakeshore, 1961-1970." Undergraduate Seminar Paper, University of Michigan, 1994.

Karamanski, Theodore J. The Pictured Rocks: An Administrative History of the Pictured Rocks National Lakeshore. Omaha, Nebr.: National Park Service, 1995.

Kehoe, Terrence. Cleaning Up the Great Lakes: From Cooperation to Confrontation. DeKalb, Ill.: Northern Illinois University Press, 1997.

Kozuma, LuAnne Gaykowski. Living At a Lighthouse: Oral Histories from the Great Lakes. Allen Park, Mich.: Great Lakes Lighthouse Keepers Association 1987.

Kuchenberg, Tom. Reflections in a Tarnished Mirror: The Use and Abuse of the Great Lakes. SturgeonBay, Wisc.: Golden Glow Publishing, 1978.

Larson, Herbert F. BE-WA-BIC Country: The Story of the Menominee Iron Range in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. New York: Carlton Press, 1963.

Leelanau County Association of Commerce. The Captives: Being the Story of a Family's Vacation in Leelanau County (Michigan), The Land of Delight. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Leelanau County Association of Commerce, 1924.

Littell, Edmund M. 100 Years in Leelanau. Leland, Mich.: The Print Shop, 1965.

McEnaney, Maria, William H. Tishler, and Arnold R. Alanen. Farming at the Water's Edge: An Assessment of Agricultural and Cultural Landscape Resources in the Proposed Port Oneida Rural Historic District at Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore. Omaha, Nebr.: Midwest Region, National Park Service, 1995.

McKee, Russell. "It Was a Very Stylish Age," Mackinac: The Gathering Place, edited by Russell McKee. Lansing: Michigan Department of Natural Resources, 1981.

Maddock, Stephen J. "An Analysis of Local Opposition to the Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore." Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Michigan, 1971.

Mahan, John and Ann. Wild Lake Michigan. Stillwater, Minn.: Voyageur Press, 1991.

Meinick, Richard Z., Daniel Sponn, and Emma Jane Saxe. Cultural Landscapes: Rural Historic Districts in the National Park System. Washington, D.C.: National Park Service, 1984.

Michigan Land Use Institute. The Homestead Swap: Trading Public Land for Private Gain in the Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore. n.p.: Northern Michigan Environmental Action Council, 1996.

Miller, Richard, et al. Environmental and Economic Impact of the Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore. Chicago: Wilbur Smith & Associates, 1974.

National Park Service. Our Fourth Shore: Great Lakes Recreation Area Survey. Washington, D.C.: United States Department of the Interior, 1959.

National Park Service. A Proposal: Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore. Washington, D.C.: United States Department of the Interior, 1961.

National Park Service. A Master Plan For Proposed Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore. Philadelphia: Northeast Regional Office, 1968.

National Park Service. Wilderness Recommendations: Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore, Michigan. Denver: Denver Service Center, 1974.

National Park Service. Environmental Assessment of a Docking Facility, Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore. Denver: Denver Service Center, 1984.

Pace, J.R. The Grand Traverse Region, Historical and Descriptive. Chicago: J.R. Pace & Co., 1884.

Pendley, William Perry. It Takes a Hero: The Grassroots Battle Against Environmental Oppression. Bellevue, Wash.: Free Enterprise Press, 1995.

Pierce, Neal R. and John Keefe. The Great Lakes States: People, Politics, and Power in the Five Great Lakes States. New York: Norton, 1980.

Quaife, Milo M. Lake Michigan. New York: Bobbs-Merrill, 1944.

Rader, Robert Dwight, et al. Beautiful Glen Arbor Township: Facts, Fantasy & Fotos. Leland, Mich.: The Glen Arbor History Group, 1977.

Rusco, Rita Hadra. North Manitou Island Between Sunrise and Sunset. n.p.: Bookcrafters, 1995.

Schmaltz, Norman John. "The Cutover Land Crusade: The Michigan Forest Conservation Movement, 1899-1931." Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Michigan, 1972.

Sellers, Richard West. Preserving Nature in the National Parks: A History. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1997.

Stocking, Kathleen. Letters From Leelanau: Essays of People and Place. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1990.

United States Department of the Interior. A Study of the Park and Recreation Problem of the United States. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1941.

Wallis, Allan D. Wheel Estate: The Rise and Decline of Mobile Homes. New York: Oxford University Press, 1991.

Walsh, Eileen Patricia. "The Last Resort: Northern Minnesota Tourism and the Integration of Rural and Urban Worlds, 1900-1950." Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Minnesota, 1994.

Waterman, W.G. "Ecology of the Glen Lake and Sleeping Bear Region," Michigan Academy of Sciences, Arts and Letters, Vol. 6, 351-375.

Waterman, W.G. Forests and Dunes from Point Betsie to Sleeping Bear. Evanston, Ill.: Northwestern University, 1922.

Weeks, George. Sleeping Bear, Yesterday and Today. Franklin, Mich.: Attwerger and Mandel Publishing, 1990.

Williams, Brenda Wheeler, Arnold R. Alanen, and William H. Tishler. Coming Through With Rye: An Historic Agricultural Landscape Study of South Manitou Island at Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore, Michigan. Omaha, Nebr.: National Park Service, 1996.

Wirth, Conrad L. Parks, Politics, and the People. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1980.