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Historic Roads in the National Park System


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Contents

Foreword

Introduction

Raynold Expedition

Barlow Expedition

Jones Expedition

Ludlow Reconnaissance

Dan C. Kingman

Hiram M. Chittenden

Notes






NOTES

1. Quoted in Freeman Tilden, The National Parks (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1951), p. 117.

2. Quoted in Hiram Martin Chittenden, The Yellowstone National Park: Historical and Descriptive, 2d rev. ed. (Cincinnati: Stewart & Kidd Company, 1915), p. 42.

3. For the early history of Yellowstone Park, see in addition to Chittenden and Tilden: Louis C. Cramton, Early History of Yellowstone National Park and Its Relation to National Park Policy (Washington: Government Printing Office, 1932); H. Duane Hampton, How the U. S. Cavalry Saved Our National Parks (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1971); W. Turrentine Jackson, "The Creation of Yellowstone National Park," Mississippi Valley Historical Review, XXIX (September 1942), 187-206; Nathaniel P. Langford, The Discovery of Yellowstone Park (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1972); Merrill J. Mattes, "Behind the Legend of Colter's Hell: The Early Exploration of Yellowstone National Park," Mississippi Valley Historical Review, XXXVI (September 1949), 251-282.

4. F. Scott Fitzgerald, The Great Gatsby (New York: Scribner's, 1925, rpt. 1953), p. 182.

5. Joshua C. Taylor, "Introduction," National Parks and the American Landscape (Washington: Smithsonian Institution, 1972), p. 7.

6. William H. Goetzmann, Exploration and Empire: The Explorer and the Scientist in the Winning of the American West (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1967), pp. 329, 330, by permission of Alfred A. Knopf. Copyright © 1966 by William H. Goetzmann.

7. Tilden, The National Parks, p. 123.

8. Chittenden, Yellowstone National Park, pp. 87-88; Hampton, U. S. Cavalry, p. 56; and Philip H. Sheridan, Report of an Exploration of Parts of Wyoming, Idaho, and Montana in August and September 1882, with the Itinerary of James F. Gregory (Washington: Government Printing Office, 1882).

9. Engineer officers in charge of improvements at Yellowstone were: Capt. Dan C. Kingman, 1883-1887; Capt. Clinton B. Sears, 1887-1888; Maj. Charles D. Allen, 1888-1890; Maj. William A. Jones, 1890-1894; Capt. Hiram M. Chittenden, 1899-1906; 1st Lt. Ernest D. Peek, 1906-1908; 1st Lt. Wildurr Willing, 1909-1910; Capt. Clarence H. Knight, 1911-1917; Capt. John W. N. Schulz, July-November 1917; and Maj. George E. Verrill, November 1917-June 1918.

10. William F. Raynolds, "Report on the Exploration of the Yellowstone and Missouri Rivers, in 1859-'60." S. Exec. Doc. 77, 40th Cong., 1st sess. (1868).

11. Annual Report of the Chief of Engineers, U.S. Army, 1876 (Washington: 1876). Part 3, pp. 595-596. Cited hereinafter as ARCE.

12. ARCE, 1887, Part 4, p. 3139.

13. Raynolds, op. cit., p. 11.

14. From 1838 to 1863 the Corps of Topographical Engineers was a separate branch of the Army.

15. Chittenden, Yellowstone National Park, pp. 51 and 53.

16. Chittenden, Yellowstone National Park, pp. 70-71.

17. 17 Stat. 32.

18. Ltr, Ludlow to Brig. Gen. A. A. Humphreys, 1 Mar 1876. In ARCE, 1876, III, p. 570.





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