Environment, Prehistory & Archaeology of Mount Rainier National Park (Appendix A)

Mount Rainier

Environment, Prehistory & Archaeology of Mount Rainier National Park, Washington

Appendix A:
SITE AND ISOLATE REPORTS IN MOUNT RAINIER NATIONAL PARK

The following table brings together various artifact and site reports directly involving Mount Rainier National Park. Sources include internal Park memoranda, museum catalog records on file at Park headquarters in Longmire, personal communications by various Park employees, and formal archaeological surveys. Dates provided refer to the time that the artifact or site report was filed (when known). Multiple entries indicate multiple reports. Dates and names are listed, and the sources described further, under Site Report Sources following the table. Catalog numbers are those entered on "Department of the Interior, National Park Service, Museum Catalog Record Worksheet - Cultural Resources" forms housed with museum collections in Longmire. Map numbers refer to locations included on map Figures 3.1 through 3.3. All numbered sites (prefix FS) and isolates (prefix IF) are documented in summary fashion in Chapter 3, and in detail in the 1995 Reconnaissance Data companion volume (Burtchard and Hamilton 1998). The table's Comments field provides brief location and supplemental reference information.

The table is intended to reduce confusion in Mount Rainier cultural resource reports and collections that is inherent in the presence of multiple, uncoordinated finds that span a long period of time. Please note that the list is a preliminary document that should be improved and expanded as more information becomes available. Collections added after completion of 1995 fieldwork are not included. Note too that with the exception of three localities, the table focuses entirely on prehistoric cultural remains. Mount Rainier National Park also preserves an unknown number of potentially significant historic period archaeological sites. Efforts should also be made to systematically document these localities.

Table A-1 Prehistoric Sites and Isolated Find Reports in Mount Rainier National Park through 1995

Type of Find	Date	Reported by	Cat #	Map #1	Site or Isolate No.	Comment
Projectile point	1920	Schmoe, Floyd		1	None, unverified	Obsidian point found near Lane Peak in Tatoosh Range; cited in Schmoe (1967)
Unspecified lithic remains	1925	Schmoe, Floyd		2	None, unverified	Van Trump Park remains cited by Schmoe (1925 in Smith 1964:207-208).
Biface tip isolate	1930	Richards, L.G.	59	3	None, unverified	Possible knife tip reported found by Schmoe near Pinnacle peak. Probably really the "white quartz" find in Spray Park by Richards (1930 in Smith 1964:208).
Rockshelter	1963	Daugherty, Richard (Terry Patton)	Pend.	8	FS 63-01 (45PI43)	Fryingpan Rockshelter tested by Rice (1965) and reevaluated in 1995 (see this volume).
Dart point isolate	1963	Rice, David & Charles Nelson		9	IF 01-63	Bench Lake isolate reported in Daugherty (1963) (also see this volume).
Lithic Isolate	1968 1978	Bell, Frank Dalle-Molle, John	8304 8305	10	IF 01-68	Bee Flat/Yellowstone Cliffs area (this volume).
Two projectile point isolates	1970	Henderson, Jan	8306 8307	11	IF 01-70	Success Cleaver isolates (this volume).
Lithic scatter	1971 1978 1995	Dalle-Molle, John Dalle-Molle, John Fabiani, Carl & Denise	8317 8318	12	FS 71-01(45PI438)	Buck Lake Site documented in 1995 (this volume). This site also is referred to as "Fawn Ridge" in 1971 memo by JD-M; and as Buck Lake in 1978 JD-M memo. Cari Kreshak (R. McClure project) searched unsuccessfully in 1990. D. & C. Fabiani (pers. com.) drew attention to the site again in 1995.
Rockshelter	1971 1978	Dalle-Molle, John Dalle-Molle, John	4631 - 4700	13	FS 86-02 (45PI303)	Berkeley Rockshelter tested in 1987 by E. Bergland (1988) (also see Bergland 1986 and this volume)
Lithic isolates	1972	Dalle-Molle, John	8311 8312	14	IF 01-72	Sunrise Creek isolate (this volume).
Isolated flake	1978	Dale-Molle, John		15	IF 01-77	Deadwood Lakes Pass isolate location examined in 1995 (this volume).
Isolated small point	1978	Dalle-Molle, Lois		16	None; verification attempted	Broken small point, upper Huckleberry Park, SW section. Area surveyed by Burtchard and Hamilton in 1995, no cultural materials identified.
Rockshelter	1978	Dalle-Molle, John	8313 8314	17	FS 74-01 (45PI437)	Vernal Park Rockshelter documented in 1995 (this volume).
Lithic scatters	1978 1995	Dalle-Molle, John Fabiani, Carl & Denise		18 33 39 40	In graveled trail west of S. tarn lake FS 90-03 (45PI410) FS 95-07 (45PI434) FS 95-08 (45PI430)	Various lithic scatters in the general Windy Gap / Spunkwush Creek headwater area. FS 90-03 documented 1990 by R. McClure; others in 1995 (this volume)
Flake in rockshelter	1978	Dalle-Molle, John		19	None; unverified	Large flake from rock overhang (cave) on Boulder Creek.
Rockshelter	1978 1995	Dalle-Molle, John Fabiani, Carl	8310	20	FS 72-02 (45PI433)	Mt. Pleasant Rockshelter in Spray Park documented in 1995 (this volume).
Lithic scatter	1978 1986	Dalle-Molle, J. & L. Thompson, Mark	4737 4738 4739 8309	21	FS 86-01 (45PI407)	Frozen Lake Site documented 1995 (see Bergland 1986 and this volume).
Isolated flake	1978	Dalle-Molle, John		22 35 36 48 49	Unspecified place FS 95-03 (45PI436) FS 95-04 (45PI435) IF 06-95 IF 07-95	JD-M reported flake probably is associated with one of these places documented in 1995 in the general Yakama Park section of Sunrise Ridge (this volume).
Isolated flake	1978	Dalle-Molle, John		23	None; verification attempted	Single flake in basin ENE of Dege Peak. Upper bench area surveyed in 1990 by Janet Liddle (1990). No cultural remains identified.
Lithic scatter	1978	Dalle-Molle, Lois		Not mapped	None; unverified	Numerous chips (flakes) in log skid road W of White River and S of Anger Creek airstrip, Snoqualmie N.F. Not in Park.
Possible flake scraper	1981	Teague, George		Not mapped	None	Found during survey for the Paradise waste treatment facility. No site recognized and construction was completed.
Arrow point isolate	1984	Burman, Wendy	8308	24	IF 01-84	Upper Palisades Lake isolate (this volume).
Dry wall masonry	1986	Carney, Mike		Not mapped	None, unverified	In the vicinity of Cataract Creek; may be historical (in Bergland 1986).
Lithic scatter	1986	Carney, Mike		25	None, unverified	In the vicinity of Indian Bar, Ohana [pecosh River..?] (In Bergland 1986).
Lithic scatter	1986	Thompson, Peter		26	None, unverified	Lake James Trail (in Bergland 1986).
Lithic isolate	1987	Jensen, Chris	8315	27	IF 01-87	Tokaloo Trail isolate (this volume).
Possible quarry	1988	Dalle-Molle, John		28	None, unverified	Reddish jasper chunks and fragments on the NW flank of Mt. Fremont in the upper basin above Forest Lake. Map included with memo note to Regional Archaeologist, Jim Thomson.
Lithic scatter	1988	Jensen Chris & Steve Freitas	Pend.	29	FS 88-01 (45PI406)	Original Tipsoo Lakes Site recorded by R. McClure in 1988 (also see this volume).
Lithic scatter	1989	Forrest, James		30	FS 95-01(45PI426)	Site originally located by Forrest, relocated by G. Sullivan and documented in the 1995 reconnaissance (this volume).
Lithic isolate	1989	Forrest, James		Not mapped	MORA 89-01	Found near Hwy. 410 in the White river floodplain. Flakes may be road fill. Because of fill and known White River flood patter, cultural association is considered unlikely.
Lithic quarry	1990	Drie-Miller, Joe		34	FS 90-04 (45PI411)	Tum Tum Peak Quarry Site recorded by Janet Liddle in 1990 during the R. McClure inventory project (see this volume).
Lithic scatter	1990	McClure, Rick		33	FS 90-03 (45PI410)	Lithic Scatter on Windy Gap documented 1990 (this volume).
Lithic scatter	1990	McClure, Rick		32	FS 90-02 (45PI409)	Sarvant Glaciers Site documented in 1990 (this volume).
Lithic scatter	1990	Osterhaus, Luke	Pend.	31	FS 90-01(45PI408)	Sunrise Ridge Borrow Pit Site recorded by R. McClure in 1990 (this volume).
Eleven reconnaissance documented sites	1995	Burtchard, Greg & Steve Hamilton		30 Historic 35 36 37 38 39 40 Historic 41 42	FS 95-01 (45PI426) FS 95-02 (45PI427) FS 95-03 (45PI436) FS 95-04 (45PI435) FS 95-05 (45PI432) FS 95-06 (45PI431) FS 95-07 (45PI443) FS 95-08 (45PI430) FS 95-09 (45PI428) FS 95-10 (45PI429) FS 95-11 (45PI439)	All newly documented during the 1995 cultural reconnaissance project (this volume). Some of these numbers appear elsewhere in this table with other reported sites. Note that two–FS 95-02 and FS 95-09–are historic period sites. Other previously reported sites, documented in 1995, are noted elsewhere in the table as appropriate.
Eleven reconnaissance isolated finds	1995	Burtchard, Greg & Steve Hamilton		43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53	IF 01-95 IF 02-95 IF 03-95 IF 04-95 IF 05-95 IF 06-95 IF 07-95 IF 08-95 IF 09-95 IF 10-95 IF 11-95	Newly documented during the 1995 cultural reconnaissance project (this volume). Some numbers appear elsewhere in this table with other reported finds. Other previously reported finds, documented in 1995, also are noted in the table.
Lithic isolate	1995	Cox, Pam	Pend.	54	None, unverified	Upper Crystal Lakes isolate.
Jasper projectile point	1995	Carl & Denise Fabiani		55	None, unverified	In social trail ca. 100 ft west of maintained trail atop of ridge approaching Tolmie Peak Lookout.
Jasper projectile point	1995	Carl & Denise Fabiani		56	None, unverified	On Howard Peak
Projectile Point	1995	Carl & Denise Fabiani		57	None, unverified	In trail near west end of Eunice Lake. Geologist Bailey Willis reported finding Indian baskets near Eunice Lake in early 1880s.
Point & lithic debitage	1995	Carl & Denise Fabiani		58	None, unverified	In bulldozed fire trail on ridge top south of Mowich River near the Park boundary.
Lithic scatter	1995	Carl & Denise Fabiani		59	None, unverified	On ridge between Tyee Peak and Windy Gap.
"Couple" of flakes	1995	Carl & Denise Fabiani		60	None, unverified	In trail east of Golden Lakes Ranger Station.
Two flakes	1995	Carl & Denise Fabiani		61	None, unverified	In trail to Sunrise Lake along top of Sunrise Ridge east Sunrise Point.
Trail Segment	1995	Carl Fabiani & Jack Morrison 1995, Roger Drake 1996		62	None, undocumented	Portion of trail ostensibly providing access to Sunrise Ridge from the east. Reported to have been used by the Yakama during the early historic period.
Chert biface	UK	UK		57	None None, unverified	Artifact in MORA museum in Longmire without provenience.
Ground ax head	UK	UK		58	None, unverified	Artifact in MORA museum in Longmire without provenience.
Biface preform	UK	UK	130	4	None, unverified	Artifact from Moraine Park, in MORA museum in Longmire. No map found.
Arrow point	UK	UK	131	5	None, unverified	Artifact near Glacier Vista Trail in MORA museum in Longmire. No map.
Dart point	UK	UK	132	6	None, unverified	Found within sight of east side of Burroughs Mtn., artifact in MORA museum in Longmire. No map location.
Arrow point	UK	UK	133	7	None, unverified	Found within sight of Klapatche Park, artifact in MORA museum in Longmire. No map.
Ground stone maul	UK	UK	8319	None	None, unverified	Unknown location, artifact in MORA museum in Longmire.
Ground stone	maul	UK	UK	8320	None None, unverified	Unknown location, artifact in MORA museum in Longmire.

¹Map locations refer only to prehistoric sites and isolates within Park boundaries. Refer to Figures 3.1 through 3.3.

Report Sources

Bell, Frank
1968	Mount Rainier museum catalog worksheets for items 8304 and 8305. Also reported by Dalle-Molle (1978).
Bergland, Eric O.
1986	Archaeological Investigations in Mount Rainier National Park, Washington. Report prepared for US Dept. of the Interior, National Park Service. Pacific Northwest Region. Seattle.
1988	Archaeological Test Excavations at the Berkeley Rockshelter Site (45-PI-303), Mount Rainier National Park, Washington. SRD Report of Investigations No. 1. Prepared for US Dept. of the Interior, National Park Service. Pacific Northwest Region, Seattle. Sidda Research and Development. Eugene, Oregon.
Burman, Wendy
1984	Mount Rainier museum records for catalog numbers 8308.
Burtchard, Greg C. and Stephen C. Hamilton
1998	Archaeological Resources in Mount Rainier National Park, Washington, 1995 Reconnaissance Data. Prepared for USDI National Park Service, Columbia Cascades System Support Office, Seattle. International Archaeological Research Institute, Inc. Honolulu. Carney, Mike
1986	Personal communication reported in Bergland 1986.
Dalle-Molle, John and Lois
1971	Internal memorandum to the Mount Rainier Chief Naturalist noting prehistoric materials near Buck Lake (Fawn Ridge) and Berkeley Park rockshelter.
1972	Mount Rainier museum records for catalog number 8311 and 8312.
1978	Archaeological resources found in 1966-1978. Unpublished letter report and map submitted to Superintendent, Mount Rainier National Park, copied to Regional Archaeologist in Seattle.
1988	Handwritten note and map sent to Regional Archaeologist Jim Thomson.
Daugherty, Richard D.
1963	Archaeological Survey of Mount Rainier National Park. Unpublished manuscript on file at Mount Rainier Park library in Longmire. Daugherty apparently was directed to the site by Terry Patton.
Drake, Roger
1996	Personal communication on the approximated location of the Yakama Trail on the eastern and southern flank of Mount Rainier.
Drie-Miller, Joe
1990	Credited by Janet Liddle with original discovery of the Tum Tum Peak Quarry in her site report for 45PI410. Liddle's reconnaissance was part of the 1990 inventory effort directed by Rick McClure.
Fabiani, Carl and Denise
1995	Map and notes with approximate map location and description of personally observed prehistoric and historic localities in Mount Rainier National Park. Material in possession of author and filed at Mount Rainier National Park headquarters in Longmire.
Forrest, James H.
1989	Archaeological Survey of Proposed Road Construction along Highway 410, Mount Rainier National Park, Pierce County, Washington. Field Archaeologist report, North Cascades National Park. Washington.
Henderson, Jan
1970	Mount Rainier museum records for catalog numbers 8306 and 8307.
Jensen, Chris
1987	Mount Rainier museum records for catalog number 8315.
Jensen, Chris and Steve Freitas
1988	Credited with original observation of the original Tipsoo Lakes Site by Rick McClure on the 45PI406 site form. See site entry in this volume.
Osterhaus, Luke
1990	Credited with original observation of the Sunrise Ridge Borrow Pit Site by Rick McClure on the 45PI408 site form. See site entry in this volume.
McClure, Richard H., Jr.
1990	Series of site forms, field notes and organizational comments as part of a partially completed, unpublished cultural resource inventory project for Mount Rainier National Park. Also included are survey notes and site forms by Janet Liddle and Cari Kreshak.
Morrison, Jack
1995	Personal communication on the approximated location of the Yakama Trail on the eastern and southern flank of Mount Rainier.
Rice, David G.
1965	Archaeological Test Excavations in Fryingpan Rockshelter, Mount Rainier National Park. Washington State University Laboratory of Anthropology Report of Investigations No. 33. Pullman. Manuscript on file at Mount Rainier Park library in Longmire.
Rice, David & Charles Nelson
1963	Field notes related to the 1993 Washington State University / Mount Rainier National Park archaeological inventory project directed by Reported in Daugherty (1963).
Richards, L.G.
1930	Just Here and There. Mount Rainier Nature Notes. On file at Mount Rainier Park headquarters. Longmire, Washington. This citation in Smith (1964:208 see below).
Schmoe, Floyd
1920	Isolate is mentioned in Schmoe's A Year in Paradise first published in 1926. Revised edition in 1967, published by Charles E. Tuttle Co. Publishers. Rutland, Vermont.
1925	Our Greatest Mountain: A Handbook for Mount Rainier National Park. Putnam. New York. This citation in Smith (1964:207-208 see below).
Smith Allan H.
1964	Ethnographic Guide to the Archaeology of Mount Rainier National Park. Draft report prepared for National Park Service. Washington State University. Pullman. Formal report publication anticipated by National Park Service, Columbia Cascades System Support Office. Seattle.
Teague, George
1981	Paradise Treatment Plant Archaeological Clearance Survey Form. Internal Mount Rainier National Park document with project specific maps.
Thompson, Mike
1986	Personal communication reported in Bergland 1986.
Thompson, Peter
1986	Personal communication reported in Bergland 1986.

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Last Updated: 18-Oct-2004