NORTH CASCADES Contested Terrain North Cascades National Park Service Complex: An Administrative History

United States Government Records.

Administrative Files. North Cascades National Park Service Complex. Sedro Woolley, Washington.

North Cascades National Park Service Complex Archives. North Cascades National Park Service Complex. Sedro Woolley, Washington.

Record Group 48. Records of the Secretary of the Interior. National Archives, Washington, D.C.

Record Group 79. Records of the National Park Service. Federal Records Center--Pacific Northwest Region, Seattle, Washington.

Record Group 95. Records of the U.S. Forest Service--Region 6. Federal Records Center--Pacific Northwest Region, Seattle, Washington.

Washington State Records.

Record Group 90. Records of the Washington State Planning Council. Washington State Archives, Olympia, Washington.

Manuscript Collections.

Evans, Daniel J., Papers. Washington State Archives, Olympia, Washington.
Clark, Irving M., Papers. University of Washington, Seattle.
Haig, Emily, Papers. University of Washington, Seattle.
Mountaineers, The, Papers. University of Washington, Seattle.
Magnuson, Warren G., Papers. University of Washington, Seattle.
Meeds, Lloyd, Papers. University of Washington, Seattle.
North Cascades Conservation Council, Papers. University of Washington, Seattle.
Osseward, John, Papers. University of Washington, Seattle.
Pelly, Thomas M., Papers. University of Washington, Seattle.
Udall, Stewart L., Papers. University of Arizona, Tucson.
Zalesky, Philip, H., Papers. University of Washington, Seattle.

Printed Government Records.

United States Department of the Interior and Department of Agriculture. The North Cascades: A Report to the Secretary of the Interior and the Secretary of Agriculture. Washington, D.C.: United States Department of the Interior and Department of Agriculture, October 1965.

U.S. Congress, Senate, Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs. North Cascades-Olympic National Park, Hearings on Study Team Report of the Recreational Opportunities in the State of Washington, February 11 and 12, 1966. 89th Cong., 2d sess., 1966.

U.S. Congress, Senate, Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs, Subcommittee on Parks and Recreation. Hearings on S. 1321, A Bill to Establish North Cascades National Park.... 90th Cong., 1st sess., 1967.

U.S. Congress, Senate, Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs. S. 1321, Report No. 700. 90th Cong., 1st sess., October 31, 1967.

U.S. Congress, House, Subcommittee on National Parks and Recreation. Hearings on H.R. 8970, A Bill to Establish North Cascades National Park.... 90th Cong., 2d sess., 1968.

Books and Articles.

Allin, Craig, W. The Politics of Wilderness Preservation. Westport: Greenwood Press, 1982.

"Amen Mr. Justice." American Forests 73 (November 1967): 30-31.

Brooks, Paul. "The Fight for America's Alps." The Atlantic Monthly 219 (February 1967): 87-90.

Brower, David. "Will We Discover the Northern Cascades in Time?" Sierra Club Bulletin 42 (June 1957): 13-16.

Catton, Theodore. Wonderland: An Administrative History of Mount Rainier National Park. Seattle: National Park Service, 1996.

Cohen, Michael P. The History of the Sierra Club, 1892-1970. San Francisco: Sierra Club Books, 1988.

Conservation Foundation. National Parks for A New Generation: Visions, Realities, Prospects. Washington, D.C.: The Conservation Foundation, 1985.

Dilsaver, Lary M. and Tweed, William C. Challenge of the Big Trees: A Resource History of Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks. Three Rivers, Calif.: Sequoia Natural History Association, 1990.

Foresta, Ronald A. America's National Parks and Their Keepers. Washington, D.C.: Resources for the Future, Inc., 1984.

Fox, Stephen. John Muir and His Legacy: The American Conservation Movement. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1981.

Freemuth, John C. Islands Under Siege: National Parks and the Politics of External Threats. Lawrence: University of Kansas Press, 1991.

Georgette, Susan E. and Harvey, Ann H. Local Influence and the National Interest: Ten Years of National Park Service Administration in the Stehekin Valley, Washington. Publication No. 4, Environmental Field Program. Santa Cruz: University of California, Santa Cruz, 1980.

Glover, James. A Wilderness Original: The Life of Bob Marshall. Seattle: The Mountaineers, 1986.

Hampton, H. Duane. "Opposition to National Parks." Journal of Forest History 25 (January 1981): 36-45.

Harvey, Mark W. T. A Symbol of Wilderness: Echo Park and the American Conservation Movement. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1994.

Hays, Samuel P. Beauty, Health, and Permanence: Environmental Politics in the United States, 1955-1985. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1987.

-----, Conservation and the Gospel of Efficiency: The Progressive Conservation Movement, 1890-1920. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1959.

Hirt, Paul W. A Conspiracy of Optimism: Management of the National Forests since World War Two. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1994.

Ickes, Harold L. The Secret Diary of Harold L. Ickes, 1939-1941. Vol. 3. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1954.

Ise, John. Our National Park Policy: A Critical History. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1961.

Koppes, Clayton R. "Environmental Policy and American Liberalism: The Department of the Interior, 1933-1953." Environmental Review 7 (Spring 1983): 17-41.

Lien, Carsten. Olympic Battleground: The Power Politics of Timber Preservation. San Francisco: Sierra Club Books, 1991.

Luxenberg, Gretchen A. Historic Resource Study: North Cascades National Park Service Complex. Seattle: National Park Service, 1986.

Mackintosh, Barry. The National Parks: Shaping the System. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of the Interior, 1984.

Manning, Harvey. Conservation and Conflict: The U.S. Forest Service and the National Park Service in the North Cascades, 1892-1992. Seattle: North Cascades Conservation Council, June 1992.

-----, The Wild Cascades: Forgotten Parkland. San Francisco: The Sierra Club, 1969.

McCloskey, Michael J., ed. Prospectus for a North Cascades National Park. Seattle: North Cascades Conservation Council, 1963.

McConnell, Grant. "The Cascades Wilderness." Sierra Club Bulletin 41 (November 1956): 24-31.

-----, "Five Years of National Park Service Administration in the North Cascades." The Wild Cascades (December/January 1973-1974): 9-14.

-----, "Northern Cascades." Sierra Club Bulletin 42 (January 1957): 20-23.

-----, Stehekin: A Valley in Time. Seattle: The Mountaineers, 1988.

Miles, John C. Koma Kulshan: The Story of Mount Baker. Seattle: The Mountaineers, 1984.

Nash, Roderick. Wilderness and the American Mind. 3rd ed. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1982.

Rothman, Hal K. "'A Regular Ding-Dong Fight': Agency Culture and Evolution in the NPS-USFS Dispute, 1916-1937." Western Historical Quarterly 20 (May 1989): 141-161.

Runte, Alfred. National Parks: The American Experience. 2nd rev. ed. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1987.

-----, Yosemite: The Embattled Wilderness. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1990.

Sax, Joseph L. Mountains without Handrails: Reflections on the National Parks. Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press, 1980.

Schmitt, Peter J. Back to Nature: The Arcadian Myth in America. New York: Oxford University Press, 1969.

Sellars, Richard W. "Manipulating Nature's Paradise: National Park Management under Stephen T. Mather, 1916-1929." Montana: The Magazine of Western History 43 (Spring 1993): 2-13.

-----, Preserving Nature in the National Parks: A History. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1997.

Simons, David J., ed. Our Common Lands: Defending the National Parks. Washington, D.C.: Island Press, 1988.

Steen, Harold K. The U.S. Forest Service: A History. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1976.

Swain, Donald C. "The National Park Service and the New Deal." Pacific Historical Quarterly 41 (August 1972): 312-332.

Unrau, Harlan D. and Williss, G. Frank. Administrative History: Expansion of the National Park Service in the 1930s. Denver: National Park Service, 1983.

White, Richard. "It's Your Misfortune and None of My Own": A History of the American West. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1991.

Worster, Donald. Under Western Skies: Nature and History in the American West. New York: Oxford University Press, 1992.

Wright, R. Gerald. Wildlife Research and Management in the National Parks. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1992.

Dissertations.

Sommarstrom, Allan R. "Wild Land Preservation Crisis: The North Cascades Controversy." PhD Dissertation. University of Washington, 1970.

Interviews.

Allen, Daniel. Interview by author, June 16, 1998.
Contor, Roger J. Interview by author, June 25, 1996.
Glesne, Reed. Interview by author, March 5, 1998.
Kennedy, Jesse. Interview by author, May 20, 1998.
Jarvis, Jonathan, B. Interview by author, July 11, 1996.
Mierendorf, Robert R. Interview by author, February 20, 1997.
Paleck, William F. Interview by author, July 30, 1998.
Reynolds, John J. Interview by author, October 21, 1996.
White, Lowell. Interview by author, July 19, 1996.