Big Cypress
National Preserve
Florida
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WHY CARE ABOUT A SWAMP? ... IT'S FRESH WATER

Fresh water is vital to you and to much of the life on Earth. In South Florida it is essential for the livelihood of residents and for the health of our environment. To disrupt the water's natural flow here can have harmful consequences for nature and the region's economy.

In 1974, Congress created Big Cypress National Preserve to protect the fresh water's natural flow from the Big Cypress Swamp into the Everglades and Ten Thousand Islands. In the Preserve, fresh water feeds a mosaic of five distinct habitats in its 729,000 acres and is vital to the health of southwest Florida's estuaries and the Gulf of Mexico.

After the Tamiami Trail was finished in 1928, South Florida saw its first real estate boom. Between the creation of Everglades National Park in 1947 and the late 1960s, the Big Cypress Swamp faced many threats. In 1968, construction of a massive jetport was begun; the ultimate plan was to create the world's largest jetport with the world's largest runway. The project, and the development to follow, would have devastated the natural flow of fresh water through the Big Cypress Swamp.

Ultimately, a diverse coalition including conservationists, hunters, private land owners, and Seminole and Miccosukee peoples managed to stop the jetport development and to secure permanent protection for this unique landscape. To protect the swamp and freshwater flow, and to honor customary uses of those who worked together to protect the area. Congress created a new type of parkland, a national preserve. Today activities like oil and gas exploration and extraction, hunting, off-road vehicle use, private land ownership, as well as customary and traditional uses by the Seminole and Miccosukee peoples continue in the Preserve.

Marjorie Stoneman Douglas is identified with saving the Everglades but her group Friends of the Everglades played a major role in the coalition to protect the Big Cypress. Her book The Everglades: River of Grass describes the Big Cypress Swamp in detail.

¿POR QUÉ PREOCUPARSE POR UN PANTANO? ... ES AGUA DULCE

El agua dulce es vital para usted y para una buena parte de la vida en la tierra. En el sur de Florida es esencial para el sustento de los residentes y el bienestar de nuestro medio ambiente. Alterar el flujo natural del agua puede tener consecuencias dañinas para la naturaleza y la economia de la region.

En 1974, el Congreso creó la Preserva Nacional Big Cypress para proteger el flujo natural de agua dulce desde el pantano Big Cypress hacia los Everglades y los Ten Thousand Islands. En la Preserva el agua dulce alimenta un mosaico de cinco distintos hábitats en sus 729,000 acres y es vital para la salud de los estuarios del suroeste de Florida y del Golfo de México.

Después de que el Sendero Tamiami fuera terminado en 1928, el sur de la Florida experimentó un rápido desarrollo económico de bienes raices. Entre la creación del Parque Nacional de los Everglades en 1947 y finales de los 60s, el pantano Big Cypress enfrentó amenazas. En 1968, se comenzó la construcción de un gigantesco aeropuerto; el objetivo era crear el aeropuerto para aviones jet más grande del mundo con la pista más larga del mundo. El proyecto, y el desarrollo subsecuente, hubieran devastado el flujo natural de agua duke a través del pantano.

Finalmente, una coalición de ecologistas, cazadores, propietarios privados e indigenas Seminole y Miccosukee lograron parar el desarrollo del aeropuerto y consiguieron la protección permanente para este paisaje. Para proteger el pantano, el flujo de agua dulce y los usos tradicionales de aquellos que trabajaron para proteger el área, el Congreso creó un nuevo tipo de parque, una preserva nacional. Hoy en dia, continúan las actividades tales como la exploración y extracción de petróleo y gas natural; la caza; el uso de vehiculos todo terreno; la posesión de propiedades privadas; y los usos y costumbres tradicionales de los Seminole y Miccosukee.

Marjorie Stoneman Douglas es reconocida por rescatar a los Everglades, pero su grupo "Amigos de los Everglades" desempeñó un papel importante en la coalición para proteger Big Cypress. Su libro The Everglades: River of Grass describe el pantano Big Cypress en detalle.

A Complete Ecosystem

The Preserve is the heart of the Florida panther's primary range. Each individual of this endangered species is a critical member of the population. With top predators like panthers and alligators surviving in the wild, the Big Cypress Swamp forms a complete ecosystem.

Big Cypress is a mosaic of prairies and tree islands. The ghost orchid is one of over 30 native species in the region.

Un Sistema Completo

La Preserva es el corazón del habitat principal de la pantera de Florida. Cada individuo de esta especie en peligro de extinción es un miembro fundamental de la población. Con la supervivencia de superpredadores como las panteras y los caimanes en estado natural, el Pantano Big Cypress forma un ecosistema completo.

Big Cypress es un mosaico de j praderas e islas arboladas. La orquidea fantasma es una de mas de 30 orquideas nativas de la región.

Customary Uses

In creating the Preserve, Congress honored the customs and occupancy of the Miccosukee and Seminole peoples. Villages exist in the Preserve today as they have for generations.

Usos Tradicionales

Al crear la Preserva, el Congreso respetó las costumbres y la tenencia de los pueblos Miccosukee y Seminole. Hoy en dia, existen aldeas en la Preserva tal y como han existido por generaciones.

FIVE MAIN HABITATS INCREASE DIVERSITY

Unlike the vast sea of grass that makes up the Everglades, Big Cypress has five primary habitats. Seen from above, they form a mosaic. A habitat has distinctive soils, plants, and animals, based on its elevation and how long surface water stays on it. Water links these habitats as it flows toward the Gulf of Mexico.

CINCO HÁBITATS PRINCIPALES AUMENTAN LA DIVERSIDAD

En contraste con el gran mar de pastizales que forman los Everglades, Big Cypress tiene cinco hábitats principales. Vistos desde el aire éstos forman un mosaico. Un hábitat tiene distintos suelos, plantas y animates, dependiendo de la elevación y de cuánto tiempo permanezcan inundados. Al fluir hacia el Golfo de México, el agua conecta a estos hábitats.

Exploring Big Cypress

park map
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The Preserve is open all year and both visitor centers are open daily, except December 25. December through April, rangers lead programs that give you insights into the Preserve's many stories. Choices include guided swamp walks, canoe tours, talks, and amphitheater programs. Many recreation options await you: birding, wildflower viewing, bicycling, canoeing, hunting and off-road vehicle explorations. Stop at a visitor center for schedules, maps, guides, and other publications and to watch a 20-minute orientation film. Be sure to ask about our Junior Ranger Program, too.

Whether in summer's wet season or winter's dry season, you can explore this mysterious Big Cypress. Swamp walks will take you to the heart of this area's fascinating world of airplants that live on trees, fabulous orchids, and saw palmetto plants. Walking and hiking trails give you options for a short venture or a longer adventure. Some places you might explore waist-deep in the wet season are bone dry in the dry season.

Play It Safe, Plan Ahead, and Be Prepared The Preserve is remote. In many areas cell phones do not work. There is no gas or food service in the Preserve. Services are found in nearby areas, including our gateway community of Everglades City. Wildlife lives in the Preserve—we are the visitors. For your welfare and theirs, enjoy animals at a distance. Do not feed or harm them. You are responsible for knowing firearms regulations: Visit our website or ask a park ranger for details.

Weather can be harsh and unpredictable at any time. Bring and drink lots of water. Wear a hat, sunglasses, and sunscreen. Always tell others where you are going and when you plan to return. Wildfires occur any time of the year: Never discard burning materials or leave campfires unattended.

Respect the Land; Respect the People Respect private residences and camps in the Preserve. If you find archeological evidence, tell a park ranger—and do not disturb the area.

Explorando Big Cypress

La Preserva está abierta todo el año y ambos centros de visitantes están abiertos diariamente, a excepción del 25 de diciembre. Entre diciembre y abril, los guardaparques dirigen programas que le ofrean conocimientos sobre las muchas historias de la Preserva. Las opciones incluyen caminatas guiadas por el pantano, paseos en canoa, pláticas interpretativas y programas en el anfiteatro. Muchas opciones recreativas lo esperan: avistamiento de aves, observación de flores silvestres, ciclismo, canotaje, caceria y exploraciones en vehiculos todo terreno. Visite un centro de visitantes para obtener horarios, mapas, guías y otras publicaciones, y para ver una pelicula de orientación de 20 minutos. No deje de preguntar por nuestro Programa para Guardaparques Juveniles.

Ya sea en la temporada húmeda de verano o en la temporada seca de invierno, usted puede explorar el misterioso Big Cypress. Las caminatas por el pantano lo llevarán al corazón del mundo fascinante de plantas aéreas que viven en los árboles, orquideas fabulosas y palmas enanas americanas (Serenoa repens) de esta área. Los senderos para caminatas y excursiones le ofrecen opciones para un paseo corto o una larga aventura. Durante la temporada húmeda podrá explorar algunos lugares en que el agua le llega hasta la cintura, los mismos que durante la temporada de sequía están totalmente secos.

Tome Precauciones, Planifique con Anticipación y Esté Preparado La Preserva es remota. En muchas áreas los teléfonos celulares no funcionan. No hay gasolineras ni servicios de comida en la Preserva. Estos servicios se encuentran en áreas cercanas, incluyendo nuestra comunidad de vecina, Everglades City. La vida silvestre vive en la Preserva—nosotros somos los visitantes. Por su bienestar y el de ellos, disfrute a los animales de lejos. No los alimente ni los lastime. Usted es responsable de conocer los reglamentos de armas de fuego: visite nuestro sitio web o pregunte a un guardaparque acerca de los detalles.

El clima puede ser severo e impredecible en cualquier momento. Traiga y beba mucha agua. Porte sombrero, lentes oscuros y protector solar. Siempre avise a otras personas a donde va y cuando piensa regresar. Los incendios forestales suceden en cualquier época del año: nunca deseche materiales en llamas ni deje fogatas desatendidas.

Respete la Tierra, Respete al Pueblo Respete las residencias privadas y los campamentos dentro de la Preserva. Si encuentra restos arqueológicos, no los toque, y repórtelos immediatamente a un guardaparque.

Source: NPS Brochure (2013)


Establishment

Big Cypress National Preserve — October 11, 1974


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Brochures ◆ Site Bulletins ◆ Trading Cards expand section

Documents

An Ethnohistory of Big Cypress National Preserve, Florida (John C. Paige and Lawrence F. Van Horn, 1982)

An Inventory of Plant Communities in the Levee-28 Tieback Area, Big Cypress National Preserve Report T-664 (Lance H. Gunderson and Lloyd L. Loope, June 1982)

An Inventory of Plant Communities within the Deep Lake Strand Area, Big Cypress National Preserve Report T-666 (Lance H. Gunderson and Lloyd L. Loope, June 1982)

Archeological Survey of Big Cypress National Preserve Southeastern Archaeological Conference Bulletin 23 (Robert Taylor, extract from Proceedings of the Thirty-Sixth Southeastern Archaeological Conference, 1980)

Baseline Ambient Sound Levels in Big Cypress National Preserve (Cynthia Lee and John MacDonald, November 2012)

Coastal Hazards & Climate Change Asset Vulnerability Assessment Protocol for Big Cypress National Preserve NPS 176/154052 (K. Peek, B. Tormey, H. Thompson, R. Young, S. Norton, R. Scavo, M. Koslow and B. Binns, September 2015)

Enabling Legislation (P.L. 93-440, as amended by P.L. 10-301, October 11, 1974)

Environmental Assessment: Big Cypress National Preserve, Florida (May 1980)

Environmental Impact of the Big Cypress Swamp Jetport (September 1969)

Final General Management Plan / Wilderness Study Off-Road Vehicle Management Plan / Environmental Impact Statement, Big Cypress National Preserve (October 2010)

Florida Panther (Puma concolor coryi) Research and Monitoring Annual Reports, Big Cypress National Preserve: 2002-20032003-20042004-20052005-20062006-20072007-20082008-20092009-20102010-20112011-20122012-2013

Foundation Document, Big Cypress National Preserve, Florida (December 2016)

Foundation Document Overview, Big Cypress National Preserve, Florida (February 2016)

General Management Plan / Final Environmental Impact Statement: Volume 1 (1992)

General Management Plan / Final Environmental Impact Statement: Volume 2 (1992)

Geologic Map of Big Cypress N Pres (January 2008)

Geologic Resource Evaluation Report, Big Cypress National Preserve NPS Natural Resource Report NPS/NRPC/GRD/NRR-2008/021 (T.L. Thornberry-Ehrlich, February 2008)

Hurricane Andrew, 1992: The National Park Service Response in South Florida, Big Cypress National Preserve, Biscayne National Park, and Everglades National Park (August 1994)

Joven Guardaparque (Spanish), Biscayne National Park/Big Cypress National Preserve/Everglades National Park (2007)

Junior Ranger, Biscayne National Park/Big Cypress National Preserve/Everglades National Park (2013)

Letter: Summary of March 6, 2020 Site Assessment within Burnett Oil Company's Nobles Grade 3-D Seismic Oil and Gas Exploration area, Big Cypress National Preserve, Collier County, Florida (Quest Ecology, March 15, 2020)

Long-Range Interpretive Plan, Big Cypress National Preserve (July 2002)

National Register of Historic Places Nomination Form

8CR259 (Burns Lake Site) (Richard Johnson and Lindsay C.M. Beditz, April 1984)

8CR303 (The Plaza Site) (Richard E. Johnson, April 1984)

Burns Lake Site (8CR259) (Richard Johnson and Lindsay C.M. Beditz, April 1984)

C. J. Ostl Site (8 Cr 163) (Richard D. Faust, November 1977)

Halfway Creek site (8Cr176) (Robert S. Carr, November 1977)

Hinson Mounds (8Cr180) (Robert S. Carr, December 1977)

Monroe Station (Jennifer Brown Leynes, June 15, 1998)

Platt Island (8Cr182) (Robert S. Carr, December 1977)

The Plaza Site (8CR303) (Richard E. Johnson, April 1984)

Sugar Pot (8Cr172) (Robert S. Carr, December 1977)

Turner River Site (8Cr8) (Robert S. Carr, December 1977)

Park Newspaper (Pa-Hay-Okee): Winter 1987

Park Newspaper (A Visitor's Guide to the National Parks and Preserves of South Florida): 1998-1999

Park Stories/Parks Guide: 2003-20042004-20052005-2006

Plants of Big Cypress National Preserve: A preliminary Checklist of Vascular Plants (David W. Black and Sally Black, April 1980)

Proposed Sensitive Resource Areas: Big Cypress National Preserve, Florida (April 1983)

Speaking Up for the Swamp: Revealing Persistent Oil and Gas Impacts in Big Cypress National Preserve (Melissa E. Abdo, et. al., November 2023)

Special Report on the Royal Palm Forest of Fahkahatchee, Slough Collier County, Florida (Daniel B. Beard, C.R. Vinten and Earl M. Semingsen, May 28, 1948)

Ti Gad Pak (Creole), Biscayne National Park/Big Cypress National Preserve/Everglades National Park (2007)

Trip Planner: 2003-20042004-20052005-20062006-20072007-20082007-2008: Spanish edition

Usual and Customary Use and Occupancy by the Miccosukee and Seminole Indians in Big Cypress National Preserve, Florida (James A. Goss, 1995)

Wilderness Study, Big Cypress National Preserve (September 13, 1979)

Videos

Big Cypress National Preserve Orientation Film



Books expand section


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Last Updated: 24-May-2024