Redwood History Basic Data

COVER

PREFACE

FOREWORD

ILLUSTRATIONS

I. THE INDIANS OF THE REDWOODS

  A. THE YUROK

1. The Villages
2. Population
3. Customs
    a. Blood Money
    b. Ownership of Fishing and Hunting Grounds
    c. War and Peace
    d. Ceremonies
    e. Superstitions
4. Houses and Sweathouses
5. Canoes
6. Food from the Land, Rivers, and Ocean
7. Crook Describes the Indians at the Mouth of the Klamath
8. Government and Wealth

  B. THE TOLOWA

1. The Villages
2. Relations Between Villages and with Other Tribes
3. Customs, Institutions, and Implements

  C. THE CHILULA

1. Cultural Background
2. Location of Villages
3. Conflict with the Whites
4. Dwellings and Sweathouses

  D. COMMENTS and RECOMMENDATIONS

II. COASTAL EXPLORATION

  A. THE CABRILLO-FERRELO EXPEDITION

  B. FRANCIS DRAKE CRUISES the HUMBOLDT COAST

  C. THE MANILA GALLEONS off the HUMBOLDT COAST

  D. SEBASTIAN RODRIGUEZ CERMENÕ RECONNOITERS HUMBOLDT COAST

  E. VOYAGE OF VIZCAÍNO

  F. HECETA and BODEGA and the EXPEDITION to TRINIDAD HEAD

  G. FATHER SERRA'S PLANS

  H. GEORGE VANCOUVER SAILS the PACIFIC

  I. AMERICAN SHIP CAPTAINS VISIT the AREA

1. Captain William Shaler
2. Captain Jonathan Winship

  J. THE RUSSIANS off the HUMBOLDT COAST

  K. THE SCHOONER COLUMBIA in TRINIDAD BAY

  L. COMMENTS and RECOMMENDATIONS

III. THE HINTERLAND IS PENETRATED

  A. JED SMITH PENETRATES the REDWOODS

1. General Background to Smith's Visit
2. Smith and His Company Cross the Mountains and Descend Trinity
3. The Trappers Attempt to Cross the Bald Hills
4. Jedediah Smith in Redwood National Park
5. Jed Smith Skirts Lake Earl and Crosses Smith River

  B. TRADERS from the HUDSON'S BAY COMPANY ENTER the AREA

  C. EWING YOUNG on the HUMBOLDT COAST

  D. JOSIAH GREGG REACHES the COAST, via REDWOOD CREEK

  E. COMMENTS and RECOMMENDATIONS

IV. THE HUMBOLDT COAST ATTRACTS 1000s OF ADVENTURERS

  A. THE VOYAGES of CAMEO

1. The First Voyage of Cameo
2. The Second Voyage of Cameo

  B. THE REDISCOVERY of the KLAMATH

  C. THE CRUISES OF LAURA VIRGINIA

  D. KLAMATH CITY IS ESTABLISHED

  E. CRESCENT CITY IS LAID OUT

  F. COMMENTS and RECOMMENDATIONS

V. THE GOLD BLUFFS

  A. THEIR DISCOVERY

  B. LIEUTENANT CROOK VISITS the GOLD BLUFFS

  C. INTEREST in the GOLD BLUFFS IS REVIVED

  D. DREDGING IS TRIED and FAILS

  E. GEOLOGISTS REPLACE the PROMOTERS and ADVENTURERS

  F. THE SITUATION in 1881

  G. MINING OPERATIONS at GOLD BLUFFS ARE CLOSED

  H. COMMENTS and RECOMMENDATIONS

VI. THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE KLAMATH RIVER RESERVATION

  A. COLONEL McKEE'S TREATIES

1. First Contacts Between the Whites and Indians
2. Colonel McKee Goes North

  B. BLOODSHED NEAR CRESCENT CITY

1. The First Killing
2. The Indians Are Tried and Executed
3. The Executions Beget War

  C. THE EXECUTIVE ORDER of 1855

1. The Red Cap War
2. Whipple Proposes a Reservation
3. President Pierce's Executive Order

  D. THE ESTABLISHMENT of the AGENCY at WAU-KELL

VII. THE ARMY AND THE KLAMATH RIVER RESERVATION

  A. THE ESTABLISHMENT OF FORT TER-WAW

  B. THE FIGHT at WAU-KELL

  C. COMPANY B, 4TH UNITED STATES INFANTRY, GARRISONS the POST

  D. TWO and ONE-HALF ROUTINE YEARS at FORT TER-WAW

  E. THE CIVIL WAR COMPELS the U.S. to REDEPLOY the 4TH INFANTRY

  F. FLOODS DESTROY FORT TER-WAW

  G. COMMENTS and RECOMMENDATIONS

VIII. THE KLAMATH RIVER RESERVATION—1858-1894

  A. DAVID BUELL and FARMING OPERATIONS—1858-1861

  B. THE RESERVATION as a HAVEN of REFUGE

  C. SUPPLYING THE RESERVATION from CRESCENT CITY

  D. FLOODS DESTROY AGENCY and WREAK HAVOC on RESERVATION

  E. THE SMITH RIVER RESERVATION

  F. SQUATTERS ATTEMPT TO TAKE OVER KLAMATH RIVER RESERVATION

  G. THE ARMY MOVES AGAINST the SQUATTERS

  H. THE SQUATTERS and THEIR ALLIES FIGHT BACK

  I. THE YUROK in 1886 and 1887

  J. CANNERIES COME to the KLAMATH

  K. THE RESERVATION—1890-1892

  L. THE KLAMATH RIVER RESERVATION IS OPENED FOR SETTLEMENT

  M. COMMENTS and RECOMMENDATIONS

IX. TRAILS, ROADS, FERRIES, AND FREIGHTERS

  A. TRAILS

1. Trail from Trinidad to the Klamath Diggings
2. Trail from Trinidad to the Mouth of the Klamath
3. Crescent City - Klamath Trail
4. The Kelsey Trail
5. Cold Spring Mountain Trail
6. Ah Pah Trail

  B. ROADS

1. Crescent City Plank Road
2. Gasquet Road
3. Crescent City-Trinidad Road
4. Redwood Highway
5. U. S. 101 (Redwood Highway)
6. U. S. 199

  C. FERRIES

1. Requa Ferry
2. Catching's Ferry
3. Peacock's Ferry

  D. FREIGHTING—1858-1915

  E. COMMENTS and RECOMMENDATIONS

X. THE LUMBER INDUSTRY—1850-1953

  A. THE LUMBER INDUSTRY in HUMBOLDT COUNTY—1850-1860

1. The First Sawmills
2. The Humboldt Lumbering & Manufacturing Co.
3. Other Mills — 1852-1860
4. Status of the Industry in 1860

  B. THE LUMBER INDUSTRY in DEL NORTE COUNTY—1853-1881

1. The First Sawmills
2. Crescent City Mill & Transportation Co.
3. Hobbs, Wall & Co.
4. Other Lumber Companies 1860-1880
5. Economic Condition Del Norte Co. Lumber Industry, 1880

  C. THE LUMBER INDUSTRY in DEL NORTE—1881-1939

1. Hobbs, Wall & Co.
2. J. Wenger & Co.
3. Hume, Westbrook & Bomhoff
4. Sawmills on the Klamath
5. Logging on the Klamath

  D. THE LUMBER INDUSTRY IN DEL NORTE COUNTY—1939-1953

  E. LOGGING CAMPS in the 1870s-1920s

1. Shanties
2. Cookhouse
3. Storehouse
4. Repair Shop
5. Barn

  F. LOGGING OPERATIONS, 1870s-1930s

1. The Season
2. Choppers
3. The Peelers
4. Sawyers and Road Building
5. The Swampers
6. Skid Roads
7. The Ox Team and Teamster
8. The Water Packer
9. Other Members of the Logging Crew
10. The Introduction of the Steam Donkey
11. Blasting
12. The Landing
13. Marking the Logs
14. Transporting the Logs to the Mill Ponds
15. Mill Ponds
16. Technological Advances

  G. COMMENTS and RECOMMENDATIONS

XI. OTHER INDUSTRIES

  A. COPPER MINING

1. Discovery and Exploitation
2. Comments and Recommendations

  B. GOLD MINING

1. Beach Mining
2. Placer Mining
3. Drift Mining
4. Comments and Recommendations

  C. SILVER MINING

  D. SALMON CANNERIES on the KLAMATH

1. Jones & Richardson Co.
2. Klamath Commercial Co.
3. The Klamath Packing & Trading Co.
4. Salmon Fishing on the Klamath
5. Comments and Recommendations

  E. THE DAIRY INDUSTRY

1. H. H. Alexander
2. David Griffin
3. Louis DeMartin
4. Charles Fortain
5. Comments and Recommendations

  F. HOTELS and INNS

1. The Orick Inn
2. Davidson's Inn
3. Boyes' Ranch
4. Hamilton's Hotel
5. Comments and Recommendations

XII. DEATH AND DISASTER ALONG THE HUMBOLDT COAST

  A. FLOODS

1. The Flood of 1861-1862
2. The Flood of 1881
3. The Flood of 1890
4. The Flood of 1955
5. The Flood of 1964

  B. THE TSUNAMI of 1964

  C. SHIPWRECKS, FIRES, and STRANDINGS

1. The Burning of America
2. The Sinking of the Steamer Brother Jonathan
3. Queen Christina Runs Aground
4. The Foundering of Magnolia
5. The Disappearance of South Coast

  D. AIDS to NAVIGATION

1. The Crescent City Lighthouse
2. St. George Reef Lighthouse
3. Redding Rock Light

  E. COMMENTS and RECOMMENDATIONS

XIII. WORLD WAR II

  A. JAPANESE SUBMARINES CRUISE the PACIFIC COAST

1. First Attacks
2. Sinking of S. S. Emidio

  B. JAPANESE SUBMARINES RETURN

  C. FREE BALLOON OPERATIONS

  D. BEACH PATROLS and OTHER DEFENSES

  E. COMMENTS and RECOMMENDATIONS

XIV. THE STRUGGLE FOR A REDWOOD NATIONAL PARK

  A. FIRST EFFORTS

  B. THE ESTABLISHMENT of REDWOOD NATIONAL PARK

  C. THE STATE REDWOODS PARKS AUTHORIZED for INCLUSION in REDWOOD NATIONAL PARK

1. Jedediah Smith Redwoods State Park
2. Del Norte Coast Redwoods State Park
3. Prairie Creek Redwoods State Park

  D. THE DEDICATION of REDWOOD NATIONAL PARK

  E. FINAL COMMENTS and RECOMMENDATIONS

BIBLIOGRAPHY

NATIONAL REGISTER FORMS (Deleted from March 1982 reprint; omitted from online edition)

PHOTOGRAPHS