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CABRILLO
The Guns of San Diego Historic Resource Study |
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1: EXPLORATION AND SETTLEMENT, 1535-1846
A. Exploration, 1535-1602
B. Settlement, 1768-1846
1. The Presidio of San Diego and the Mission of San Diego
2. Fort Guijarros
CHAPTER 2: AMERICAN MILITARY IN SAN DIEGO, 1846-1903
A. Capture of San Diego, 1846
B. Mission Becomes Regular Army Post
C. San Diego Barracks
CHAPTER 3: POINT LOMA AND COASTAL DEFENSE, 1852-1874
A. A Military Reservation
B. Old Point Loma Lighthouse
C. The First Battery, 1870s
CHAPTER 4: FORT ROSECRANS, 1898-1920
A. Endicott Board, 1885-1895
B. The First Batteries, 1896-1900
C. Mining the Harbor Entrance, 1898
D. Fort Rosecrans Established, 1898-1917
E. Advances in Coastal Defense, San Diego Harbor, 1901-1920
F. Wartime Fort Rosecrans, 1917-1918
CHAPTER 5: INTERLUDE, 1920-1935
CHAPTER 6: MODERNIZATION, 1936-1941
A. Annexes to Harbor Defense Project, 1936
B. Battery Strong
C. Batteries for 155mm Guns
D. The Build-up Continued, 1940-1941
E. HDCP, HECP, and Signal Station
F. Modernization Program, 1941
CHAPTER 7: WORLD WAR II AND AFTER, 1941-1948
A. Battery Ashburn
B. Battery Humphreys
C. Batteries Gillespie and Zeilin
D. Batteries Grant and Woodward, and Fort Emory
E. Batteries Cabrillo, Fetterman (11), and Cortez
F. Additional Defense Measures
G. Fire Control Stations
H. Wartime Events
I. A Final Look at the Defenses
CHAPTER 8: ROADS, STATUES, CEMETER1ES, AND FORT ROSECRANS
A. Roads
B. Statues
C. Fort Rosecrans National Cemetery
D. Fort Rosecrans
CHAPTER 9: HISTORIC RESOURCES, CABRILLO NATIONAL MONUMENT, RECOMMENDATIONS CONCERNING INTERPRETATION
APPENDIX A: LIST OF COMMANDING OFFICERS FORT ROSECRANS, CALIFORNIA
APPENDIX B: OFFICERS OF THE U.S. ARMY, AND OTHERS, IN HONOR OF WHOM COAST RTILLERY FORTS AND BATTERIES IN THE HARBOR DEFENSES OF SAN DIEGO HAVE BEEN NAMED
INDEX (omitted from the online edition)
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
Fig 2. "El Jupiter," a Spanish cannon
Fig 3. Site of Presidio
Fig 4. Mission of San Diego
Fig 5. Battery Wilkeson, 1903
Fig 6. Battery Wilkeson, Firing
Fig 7. Calef-Wilkeson Base End Station Exterior
Fig 8. Interior of Base End Station
Fig 9. General Bliss reviewing troops
Fig 10. Battery Fetterman
Fig 11. Fort Rosecrans, 1911
Fig 12. Battery Meed
Fig 13. 12 lb Napolean, Fort Rosecrans
Fig 14. 28th Company, Coastal Artillery Corps
Fig 15. 115th Company, Coastal Artillery Corps
Fig 16. Coastal Artillery Corps, WW I
Fig 17. Battery John White
Fig 18. Battery John White
Fig 19. Battery Whistler
Fig 20. Battery Whistler
Fig 21. Searchlight Shelter No. 5
Fig 22. Searchlights Nos. 5 & 6
Fig 23. Searchlight No. 5
Fig 24. Searchlight No. 5
Fig 25. Searchlight No. 5
Fig 26. Old Point Loma Lighthouse
Fig 27. Army radio station
Fig 28. Searchlight No. 15
Fig 29. Sixty-inch coastal searchlight, drawing
Fig 30. Powerplant for searchlights
Fig 31. Powerplant for searchlights
Fig 32. Fort Rosecrans, 1937
Fig 33. Road Dedication
Fig 34. Fort Rosecrans, 1933
Fig 35. Road to Old Lighthouse
Fig 36. Old Lighthouse, 1920s
Fig 37. Harbor Defense Command Post & Entrance Control Post
Fig 38. Battery Strong Commanders Station
Fig 39. Battery Strong Magazine
Fig 40. Battery Ashburn Entrance
Fig 41. Battery Point Loma
Fig 42. Battery Point Loma
Fig 43. Battery Point Loma
Fig 44. Battery Point Loma
Fig 45. Battery Ashburn
Fig 46. Battery 134
Fig 47. AMTB Battery Bluff
Fig 48. Battalion 2 Command Post
Fig 49. Battalion 1 Command Post
Fig 50. Statue of Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo
Fig 51. Old Point Loma Lighthouse
Fig 52. Point Loma today
Historic Drawings and Historic Base Diagrams
Diagram 2. Sketch and plan of San Diego Barracks
Diagram 3. Plan of army post at Mission
Diagram 4. Battery for 15-inch Rodman guns, 1873
Diagram 5. Sketch Showing How Fire Control Is Coordinated
Diagram 6. Batteries Fetterman, Wilkeson, and McGrath
Diagram 7. Site of Fort Guijarros, 1902
Diagram 8. Battery John White, plans
Diagram 9. Battery Whistler, plans
Diagram 10. Fort Rosecrans Radio Station, plans
Diagram 11. Powerhouse for Coastal Searchlights
Diagram 12. Underground Searchlight Shelter
Diagram 13. Battery Meed, plans
Diagram 14. Harbor Defense Command Post
Diagram 15. Battery Strong, plans
Diagram 16. Battery Point Loma, plans
Diagram 17. Battery Ashburn, plans
Diagram 18. Battery Humphreys, plans
Diagram 19. Fort Emory
Diagram 20. Battery Grant, plans
Diagram 21. Battery 134, plans
Diagram 22. Battery Woodward, plans
Diagram 23. Battery Imperial, plans
Diagram 24. Batteries Cortez, Fetterman, and Cabrillo
Diagram 25. Harbor Defenses North Fort Rosecrans, 1945
Diagram 26. Harbor Defenses South Fort Rosecrans, 1945
ABBREVIATIONS
| AA | antiaircraft |
| AG | adjutant general |
| AGO | Adjutant General's Office |
| AMTB | anti-motor torpedo boat |
| AP | armor-piercing |
| CA | coast artillery |
| CAC | Coast Artillery Corps |
| CDSD | Coast Defenses of San Diego |
| CE | Corps of Engineers |
| CG | commanding general |
| CO | commanding officer |
| CRF | coincidence range finder |
| DP | deck-piercing |
| DPF | depression position finder |
| GPF | Grande Puissance Filloux (French 155mm gun) |
| HDCP | harbor defense command post |
| HDSD | Harbor Defenses of San Diego |
| HE | high explosive |
| HECP | harbor entrance control post |
| HS | historic structure |
| IG | inspector general |
| LAD | Los Angeles District, U. S. Army Corps of Engineers |
| NA | National Archives |
| NM | national monument |
| NPS | National Park Service |
| OCH | Office of the Chief of Coast Artillery |
| OCE | Office of the Chief of Engineers |
| PCAD | Pacific Coast Artillery District |
| QMC | Quartermaster Corps |
| RG | record group |
| SPCAD | South Pacific Coast Artillery District |
| USN | U.S. Navy |
| WD | War Department |
| WNRC | Washington National Records Center |
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Last Updated: 19-Jan-2005