The Lure of the Mountaintop

Mountaintops have always beckoned humans. To stand at the top—to see as far as the eye allows, to take in the vastness of our world—is to be awed and humbled and inspired all at once.

Shenandoah National Park, established in 1935 before skyscrapers and air travel were commonplace, was designed to give millions the opportunity to travel to the top.

From the beginning, national park planners, capitalizing on the new popularity of motor cars, called for Shenandoah's "greatest single feature" to be a sky-line drive on which motorists could enjoy a leisurely drive through the Blue Ridge and where they could experience the awe and inspiration of magnificent views. Construction of Skyline Drive—your road to the top—was begun even before Congress established the national park.

(click for larger maps)

Today, Skyline Drive is your portal to a multitude of experiences. Discover the rich natural and cultural stories hidden in the forests and hollows of Shenandoah. Learn about the establishment of this new park in the East that would give urban residents the national park experience that had become popular in the West.

Formed from over 1,000 privately owned tracts of land, Shenandoah started as a patchwork of forests, fields, orchards, and home sites. In 1976 Congress designated over 40 percent of the park as Wilderness, providing the highest level of protection to this precious resource.

Seasonal Change in Shenandoah

Spring may arrive at your home on some specific date, but here it climbs up the mountains about 100 feet per day starting in March with blooming red maple, hepatica, and serviceberry. Chipmunks and groundhogs appear above ground again. Trees won't leaf out on peaks until late May. Wildflowers begin to bloom in April and May, and the large-flowered trillium carpets forest floors. Pink azalea blooms in late May, mountain laurel in June. Migrating birds in colorful plumage return. Each seasonal cycle in the year is different, bringing new reasons to return to the park.

Summer wears its mantle of deep greens on ridge and hollow. Birds are nesting—catbirds, indigo buntings, and towhees. Deer fawns and bear cubs are out and about exploring and learning. The blooming wildflowers proliferate as summer progresses, covering roadsides and open areas by late summer.

Crisp fall days bring brilliant leaf colors, usually peaking between October 10 and 25. The southward migrations of birds feature hawks in large numbers flying down the ridge.

With more clear days and leaf-bare trees, winter is the time for distant views and the frozen sculptures tumbling waterfalls create. Seasons and colors change, migratory songbirds, hawks, and the monarch butterflies come and go. Shenandoah's year-round residents, deer, bears, and others, adapt to each season in turn, making each day a sight to see.

Shenandoah Stories

People came to the Blue Ridge mountains of Virginia for rest and recreation long before Shenandoah National Park was established. Skyland Resort hosted weary urbanites for long stays starting in the late 1800s. Later, President Herbert Hoover and First Lady Lou Henry Hoover built their Rapidan Camp as a retreat to escape the stress of work and summer's heat and humidity in the nation's capital. The Depression-era Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) "boys" came in the 1930s to build many rustic-style park facilities—some still seen and used today—so that everyone could retreat to the mountains for recreation and relaxation.

You can compare notes with those of earlier visitors by exploring Shenandoah's rich stories in more depth. Visit Skyland Resort and tour the restored Massanutten Lodge. Plan a trip to Rapidan Camp to see the restored presidential cabin and an exhibit about the Hoovers. Stop at the visitor centers to see films and exhibits about even more of the park's stories.

In summer and fall check the park's visitor guide Shenandoah Overlook for the ranger program schedule. Shenandoah's stories are here to be discovered. There is always more to see and do at Shenandoah National Park!

Exploring Shenandoah with Your Map and Guide

Shenandoah National Park's scenic roadway. Skyline Drive, follows the crest of the Blue Ridge mountains for 105 miles. At its southern end it joins the Blue Ridge Parkway, which stretches 469 miles to Great Smoky Mountains National Park. Numbered concrete mileposts on the west side of Skyline Drive help you find facilities and services. Mileposts are numbered north to south. More detailed guides and hiking maps are available at entrance stations and visitor centers.

Get the Information You Need

Shenandoah Overlook, your free park guide, lists ranger-led programs, activities, safety tips, and regulations. It contains information about backcountry camping and hours of operation for facilities and services. For hiking, stop at a visitor center for maps and guides or visit the online bookstore, www.snpbooks.org. To plan ahead, visit our official park website www.nps.gov/shen.

Skyline Drive is a narrow mountain road with beautiful vistas and wildflowers along the shoulders. Take a leisurely drive and pull off at some of our 75 scenic overlooks to see the views. Wild animals frequent the Drive's shoulders and may dart across the road, so observe the 35-mile-per-hour speed limit for their safety and yours. Bicyclers be cautious—shoulders can be narrow, and vehicle drivers may be distracted. Bicycles and all motorized vehicles are limited to paved roads only.

Facilities are open April through November. For information on concession facilities (lodges, restaurants, and gift shops) contact ARAMARK or visit www.visitshenandoah.com.

Beyond the Drive and developed areas, over 500 miles of trails beckon to the hiker. Detailed maps and hiking guides are available at visitor centers and at www.snpbooks.org. Day-hike trail maps may be downloaded at www.nps.gov/shen. The Potomac Appalachian Trail Club (PATC) operates six cabins (reservations with PATC required) and maintains huts for Appalachian Trail thru-hikers. Contact PATC at www.potomacappalachian.org.

Who's at Home in the Wild?
The park is a sanctuary preserving plants, animals, and historic objects. Do not harm or collect what you find. Wildflowers must set seed for next year; artifacts must stay in place to have meaning and to be rediscovered by the next hiker. Fawns and other wild animals are at home here in their natural habitat. Enjoy watching them from a distance.

Feeding wildlife is illegal and unsafe. Some animals appear tame, but all are wild and unpredictable. They can bite, kick, and spread disease. Deer and other animals fed by humans become easy targets for illegal hunters. Bears habituated to human food can become more dangerous and may have to be killed. Don't be a party to their destruction.

Hunting is prohibited in Shenandoah National Park. Fishing requires a valid Virginia fishing license. Ask for the park fishing brochure.

Pets
Dogs/pets must be on a leash no longer than six feet. They, too, are visitors who must respect others' homes and other visitors' experiences and enjoyment. For safety reasons, pets are prohibited on some trails. Check the information at the trailhead. Service animals are welcome.

Be Prepared
Mountain weather can change quickly. Come prepared for cold, wet conditions and fog in any season. Even a warm sunny day may be followed by a cold night. Bring plenty of water when you hike, and dress appropriately. Be sure to match your hike with your physical abilities. There are no hiker shuttles.

Stay Safe
Never play at the tops of falls or climb on nearby rocks. Do not attempt to hike rocky areas that are wet and slippery. Do not cross swollen streams. All water except from developed systems must be boiled vigorously for one minute or otherwise treated to be safe for drinking. Lock valuables in your vehicle out of sight or carry them with you. Let someone know your itinerary. Cell phones do not work in many areas of the park.

For information about weapons and firearms in the park visit www.nps.gov/shen.

Leave No Trace
Ensuring that future generations can enjoy Shenandoah National Park is everyone's responsibility.

Plan Ahead and Prepare
Travel and Camp on Durable Surfaces: Stay on roads and trails. Trampled vegetation leads to erosion.

Dispose of Waste Properly: Pack it in and pack it out.

Leave What You Find: Taking plants, animals, or cultural artifacts is illegal and means That other people cannot enjoy them.

Minimize Campfire Impacts: Build fires only in designated areas with grates.

Respect Wildlife: If an animal changes its behavior because of your presence, you are too close.

Be Considerate of Other Visitors: Leash and control your pet. Let nature's sounds prevail—avoid loud voices and noises.

Leave No trace Guidelines: www.lnt.org.

Source: NPS Brochure (2011)

Establishment Shenandoah Wilderness — October 20, 1976 Shenandoah National Park — December 26, 1935 (established) Shenandoah National Park — May 22, 1926 (authorized)

For More Information Please Visit The OFFICIAL NPS WEBSITE

The contents of brochures, site bulletins and trading cards (denoted with a colored caption) can be viewed by clicking on the cover. Most modern-day brochures, however, are cover only (denoted by a white caption) due to photograph copyrights. These items are historical in scope and are intended for educational purposes only; they are not meant as an aid for travel planning. The dates under each brochure do not reflect the complete range of years that a particular brochure was issued.

Date Unknown, c1930s (HTML)		1940 (HTML)		1941 (HTML)
1942		cover only 1947	1949	1950	1952
1953	1954	1955	cover only 1957	1958	1959
1961	1963	1965	1966	1967	1968
1969	1971	1972	1973	1974	1976
1977	1977	1981
Date Unknown, c1980s		1982-1996		cover only 1997-2000
cover only 2001		cover only 2002-2006		cover only 2007-2010
2011-2020
1962 Visitor Activities 1962	Exploring the Backcountry Date Unknown	Bear...Friend or Foe? Date Unknown	cover only Skyline Drive Date Unknown, c1966	Highways in Harmony Skyline Drive c1980s
1934		Visitor Activities 1968		Fact Sheet Date Unknown
Ranger Programs Spring 2011		Winter Visitor Services 2017-2018 2017
Wildflower Weekend May 2011		Wildflower Weekend Spring 2014		Exploring Shenandoah's Backcountry Date Unknown
Blowing in the Wind 10/1994		Managed Fires: Safer, Healthier Forests 03/1999		This Insect is Sucking the Life Out of Our Hemlock Trees 08/1993
Whiteoak Canyon Area 02/2018		Bearfence Area 02/2018		Big Meadows Area 02/2018
Compton Gap Area 02/2018		Dickey Ridge Area 02/2018		Hawksbill Area 02/2018
Keyser Run Area 02/2018		Loft Mountain Area 02/2018		Mathews Arm Area 02/2018
Old Rag Area 02/2018		Rapidan Camp Area 02/2018		Riprap Area 02/2018
Skyland Area 02/2018		South River Area 02/2018		Thornton Gap Area 02/2018
Big Meadows Road and Trail Map Date Unknown		Dickey Ridge Area Road and Trail Map 06/2002		Hawksbill Mountain Area Road and Trail Map 2002
Lewis Mountain Area Road and Trail Map 05/2003		Lewis Mountain Area Road and Trail Map January 2013		Loft Mountain Area Road and Trail Map 02/2005
Loft Mountain Area Road and Trail Map January 2013		Mathews Arm and Elkwallow Area Road and Trail Map 02/2004		Mathews Arm and Elkwallow Area Road and Trail Map February 2000
Old Rag Area Road and Trail Map 10/2004		Panorama Area Road and Trail Map 06/2002		Panorama Area Road and Trail Map February 2000
Rapidan Camp Area Road and Trail Map 06/2002		Riprap Area Road and Trail Map 10/2002		Riprap Area Road and Trail Map January 2013
Skyland Area Road and Trail Map 09/2004		Whiteoak Canyon Area Road and Trail Map 06/2003		cover only President and Mrs. Hoover's Rapidan Camp March 1991
Full Species List of Butterflies 06/2015		Full Species List of Ferns & Lycophytes 06/2015		Full Species List of Grasses, Sedges & Rushes 06/2015
Full Species List of Trees, Shrubs & Vines 06/2015		Full Species List of Wildflowers 06/2015		Shenandoah Fact Sheet April 2013
Amphibians 12/21/2005		Birds 12/21/2005		Fish 12/21/2005
Mammals 12/21/2005		Reptiles 12/21/2005		Selected Exotic Plants 02/06/2007
Selected Herbaceous Plants 02/06/2007		Selected Woody Plants 02/06/2007		Ticks 12/1987
Big Meadows Campground 02/2004		Dundo Group Campground 06/2002		Lewis Mountain Campground Date Unknown
Loft Mountain Campground Date Unknown		Mathews Arm Campground Date Unknown		Ranger Programs April 4 - May 22, 2009
cover only Park Guide Date Unknown, c1966		cover only Park Guide (50th Anniversary Edition) 1986		cover only Frazier Discovery Trail 1999
Trading Cards
(©Jefferson National Parks Association)	(©Jefferson National Parks Association)

A Conceptual Basis For Monitoring Vital Signs: Shenandoah National Park (Gordon Olson, James Comiskey, Wendy Cass, David Demarest, Liz Garcia, Rolf Gubler, Wendy Hochstedler, Jake Hughes, Jim Schaberl, Alan Williams and Jeb Wofford, undated)

A Hiker's Guide to the Geology of Old Rag Mountain, Shenandoah National Park, Virginia USGS Open-File Report 2000-263 (Paul Hackley, 2000)

A Natural Resource Assessment for Shenandoah National Park NPS Technical Report NPS/NER/NRTR-2006/071 (Carolyn G. Mahan, December 2006)

A Pilot Inventory of Crayfish in Shenandoah National Park NPS Natural Resource Data Series NPS/SHEN/NRDS—2014/671 (John E.B. Wofford and Zachary J. Loughman, May 2014)

Abstracts of Papers Presented at the Second Annual Shenandoah Research Symposium, Luray, Virginia, April 21-22, 1977 Natural Resources Report Number 15 (1978)

Acidic Deposition Impacts on Natural Resources in Shenandoah National Park NPS Technical Report NPS/NER/NRTR-2006/066 (Bernard J. Cosby, James R. Webb, James N. Galloway and Frank A. Deviney, November 2006)

Administrative History Shenandoah National Park, 1924-1976 (Darwin Lambert, January 27, 1979, w/2021 reformatting revisions)

Air Emissions Inventory for Shenandoah National Park (July 2002)

Air Quality Management Plan, Shenandoah National Park First Draft (Julie Thomas, April 5, 1993)

Amend Chronic Wasting Disease Detection and Assessment Plan to Include Response Actions Environmental Assessment, Shenandoah National Park, Virginia (October 2014)

An Annotated Checklist of the Amphibians nd Reptiles of Shenandoah National Park, Viriginia (William L. Witt, March 8, 1988)

Ancient lavas in Shenandoah National Park near Luray, Virginia (HTML edition) USGS Bulletin 1265 (John C. Reed, Jr., 1969)

Annual Work Plan (FY2010) for Inventories and Vita Signs Monitoring, Shenandoah National Park (February 1, 2010)

Aquatic Macroinvertebrate Monitoring in Shenandoah National Park: 2009 Summary Report NPS Natural Resource Data Series NPS/SHEN/NRDS—2012/360 (J.E.B. Wofford and E.D. Demarest, September 2012)

Assessment of Air Quality and Related Valus in Shenandoah National Park NPS Technical Report NPS/NERCHAL/NRTR-03/090 (Timothy J. Sullivan, Bernard J. Cosby, John A. Laurence, Robin L. Dennis, Kristi Savig, James R. Webb, Arthur J. Bulger, Mark Scruggs, Christi Gordon, John Ray, E. Henry Lee, William E. Hogsett, Heather Wayne, Debbie Miller and Jeffrey S. Kern, May 2003)

Baseline Water Quality Data, Inventory and Analysis: Shenandoah National Park NPS Technical Report NPS/NRWRD/NRTR-2000/264 (August 2000)

Bear Management Annual Review for 1976, Shenandoah National Park (1977)

Biodiversity Associated with Eastern Hemlock Forests: Assessment and Classification of Invertebrate Biodiversity within Shenandoah National Park NPS Technical Report NPS/NER/NRTR-2004/001 (Carolyn G. Mahan, James H. Boone, K.C. Kim, K. Sullivan and Robert Byers, November 2004)

Black Bear Management Plan, Shenandoah National Park (2005)

Briefing Paper: Monitoring, Shenandoah National Park (July 15, 1997)

Catch the Buzz — Pollinator Diversity, Distribution, and Phenology in Shenandoah National Park NPS Natural Resource Report NPS/SHEN/NRR—2017/1441 (Jessica J. Rykken, May 2017)

Chemical and isotopic composition of water from springs, wells, and streams in parts of Shenandoah National Park, Virginia, and vicinity, 1995-1999 USGS Open-File Report 2000-373 (L. Niel Plummer, Eurybiades Busenberg, John Karl Bohlke, R.W. Carmody, G.C. Casile, T.B. Coplen, M.W. Doughten, J.E. Hannon, Wandee Kirkland, R.L. Michel, D.L. Nelms, B.C. Norton, K.E. Plummer, Haiping Qi, Kinga Revesz, Peter Schlosser, Shane Spitzer, J.E. Wayland and P.K. Widman, 2000)

Climate Summary, Shenandoah National Park NPS Natural Resources Report NPS/NER/NRR-2007/017 (Stephen Gawtry and Jerry Stenger, December 2007)

Cultural Landscape Report for Big Meadows, Shenandoah National Park (John W. Hammond, 2019)

Cultural Landscape Report: Judd Gardens (Land and Community Associates, December 1993)

Cultural Landscape Report for Lewis Mountain, Shenandoah National Park (Jacob Torkelson, Randall Mason and Jane Nasta, 2023)

Cultural Landscape Report for Rapidan Camp, Shenandoah National Park (John W. Hammond, 2014)

Cultural Landscapes Inventory: Appalachian Trail Landscape, Shenandoah National Park (1999)

Cultural Landscapes Inventory: Appalachian Trail - North District, Shenandoah National Park (2007)

Cultural Landscapes Inventory: Appalachian Trail - Central District, Shenandoah National Park (2007)

Cultural Landscapes Inventory: Appalachian Trail - South District, Shenandoah National Park (2007)

Cultural Landscapes Inventory: Dickey Ridge, Shenandoah National Park (2009)

Cultural Landscapes Inventory: Elkwallow, Shenandoah National Park (2011)

Cultural Landscapes Inventory: Headquarters, Shenandoah National Park (2009)

Cultural Landscapes Inventory: Lewis Mountain, Shenandoah National Park (1999)

Cultural Landscapes Inventory: Piney River, Shenandoah National Park (1999, revised 2006)

Cultural Landscapes Inventory: Pinnacles Picnic Grounds, Shenandoah National Park (1999)

Cultural Landscapes Inventory: Rapidan Camp, Shenandoah National Park (2009)

Cultural Landscapes Inventory: Simmons Gap, Shenandoah National Park (2011)

Cultural Landscapes Inventory: Skyland, Shenandoah National Park (1999)

Cultural Landscapes Inventory: Skyline Drive - Central District, Shenandoah National Park (2010)

Cultural Landscapes Inventory: Skyline Drive - North District, Shenandoah National Park (2010)

Cultural Landscapes Inventory: Skyline Drive - South District, Shenandoah National Park (2010)

Cultural Landscapes Inventory: Skyline Drive Landscape, Shenandoah National Park (2011)

Cultural Landscapes Inventory: South River Picnic Grounds, Shenandoah National Park (2009)

Cultural Resource Management at Shenandoah: It Didn't Come Naturally (Bob Krumenaker, extract from CRM, v21 n1, 1998)

Debris flows and landslides resulting from the June 27, 1995, storm on the North Fork of the Moormons River, Shenandoah National Park, Virginia USGS Open-File Report 96-503 (B.A. Morgan and G.F. Wieczorek, 1996)

Downscaling Temperatures to Shenandoah National Park using Gridded Climate Data Sets, High-Resolution Atmospheric Models, and Surface Observations NPS Natural Resource Technical Report NPS/SHEN/NRTR—2014/875 (Temple R. Lee, Stephan F.J. De Wekker and John E.B. Wofford, May 2014)

Effects of stream water chemistry on mercury concentrations in brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) in Shenandoah National Park (C.D. Snyder, R. Webb, /j. Atkinson and S. Spitzer, March 22, 2006)

Entrance Station Handbook, Shenandoah National Park (1956)

Evaluation of Restoration Needs for Illegal Cannabis Cultivation Sites in Shenandoah National Park: The Point Overlook and Dry Run Falls Road NPS Natural Resource Report NPS/SHEN/NRR—2017/1535 (Abigail Hyduke and Wendy Cass, October 2017)

Exploring Shenandoah National Park History — One Tract at a Time (2019)

Fact Sheet: Gypsy Moth, Shenandoah National Park (June 26, 1989)

Field Guide for the Capture, Drug Immobilization, and Transportation of Wildlife, Shenandoah National Park (June 1989)

Fire Ecology in Shenandoah National Park (Gene Wilhelm, from Tall Timbers Fire Ecology Conference Proceeding, Vol. 12, 1973)

Fish Monitoring in Shenandoah National Park: 2010 Summary Report NPS Natural Resource Data Series NPS/SHEN/NRDS—2012/361 (J.E.B. Wofford and E.D. Demarest, September 2012)

Forest Cover Types of Shenandoah National Park, Virginia (L.Y. Berg and R.B. Moore, July 1961)

Forest Ecology / Forest Health (James Akerson, Date Unknown)

Forest Vegetation Status in Shenandoah National Park: Long-term Ecological Monitoring Summary Report 2003-2011 NPS Natural Resource Data Series NPS/MIDN/NRDS—2012/353 (Wendy B, Cass, Wendy W. Hochstedler and Alan B. Williams, August 2012)

Foundation Document, Shenandoah National Park, Virginia (April 2015)

Foundation Document Overview, Shenandoah National Park, Virginia (January 2015)

Geologic Resources Inventory Report, Shenandoah National Park NPS Natural Resources Report NPS/NRSS/GRD/NRR-2014/767 (Trista L. Thornberry-Ehrlich, February 2014)

Geology of the Shenandoah National Park, Virginia (HTML edition) Virginia Division of Mineral Resources Bulletin 86 (Thomas M. Gathright III, 1976)

Gypsy Moth Management, Shenandoah National Park (Date Unknown)

Hemlock Woolly Adelgid in the Shenandoah National Park (Date Unknown)

Historic Furnishing Report: Massanutten Lodge at Skyland Shenandoah National Park, Shenandoah National Park (Ellen Paul Denker, 2000)

Historic Furnishing Report: Rapidan Camp: "The Brown House" Shenandoah National Park — Volume 1: Historical Data, Volume 2: Implementation Plan (Laurel A. Racine, September 2001)

Historic Resources Study, Shenandoah National Park Final Draft (Robinson & Associates, Inc., May 1997)

Hydrology of Big Meadows, Shenandoah National Park, Virginia: Assessment of a Sensitive Wetland System in the Blue Ridge Mountains NPS Natural Resource Technical Report NPS/NER/NRTR-2007/093 (George M. Hornberger and Justin E. Lawrence, September 2007)

Investigation of the Old Mill and Tavern in Shenandoah National Park (Thor Borresen, 1945)

Judd Gardens: Historic Vegetation Inventory and Management Plan, Shenandoah National Park (October 1997)

Junior Ranger Activity Book, Shenandoah National Park (2017; for reference purposes only)

Long Range Interpretive Plan, Shenandoah National Park (1991)

Master Plan for the Preservation and Use of Shenandoah National Park: Mission 66 Edition (c1963)

National Register of Historic Places Nomination Forms

AU-154 (Michael A. Hoffman, c1985)

MD-143, The Big Meadows Site (Michael A. Hoffman, c1985)

RM-130, The Big Run Quarry Site (Michael A. Hoffman, c1985)

AU-167, The Blockrock Springs Site (Michael A. Hoffman, c1985)

Camp Hoover (Tom Walsh, November 6, 1987)

MD-138, Cliff Kill Site (Michael A. Hoffman, c1985)

WR-103, The Compton Gap Site (Michael A. Hoffman, c1985)

MD-112, The Gentle Site (Michael A. Hoffman, c1985)

George T. Corbin Cabin (James Hoogland and Linda Romola, September 1983)

PA-116, Jeremey's Run Site (Michael A. Hoffman, c1985)

AU-158, The Paine Run Shelter (Michael A. Hoffman, c1985)

MD-172, Robertson Mountain Site (Michael A. Hoffman, c1985)

Skyline Drive Historic District (Lee R. Maddex, Kevin McClung, Jeffrey Drobney, Billy Joe Peyton and Linda McClelland, September 30, 1992)

Skyline Drive Historic District (Boundary Increase) (Carol Hooper, April 1997)

Skyline Drive Boundary Increase (Skyland, Lewis Mountain, Big Meadows) (Robinson & Associates, Inc., November 4, 2002)

Natural Resource Fact Sheets

Natural Resource Inventory and Long-Term Ecological Monitoring System Plan for Shenandoah National Park (August 1991)

Park Newspaper (Shenandoah Overlook): Spring/Summer 2000 Fall 2005 • Fall 2007 • Summer 2008 • Fall 2008 • Summer 2009 • Fall 2009 • Summer 2010 • Summer 2011 • Fall 2011 • Summer 2012

Park Newspaper (Explore Shenandoah!): Summer 2013 • Winter 2014-2015 • Fall 2015 • Summer 2016 • Fall 2016 • Spring 2017 • Winter 2017-2018 • Winter 2021-2022 • Spring 2022

Photo Monitoring of High-Elevation Plants in Shenandoah National Park NPS Natural Resource Report NPS/SHEN/NRR—2017/1542 (Abigail R. Hyduke and Wendy B. Cass, November 2017)

Pleistocene and Holocene colluvial fans and terraces in the Blue Ridge region of Shenandoah National Park, Virginia USGS Open-File Report 2003-410 (B.A. Morgan, L.S. Eaton and G.F. Wieczorek, 2004)

Posters (Shenandoah Science): Acid Rain...The Invisible Threat • Deer, Skyline Drive & Park Visitors • Greener Isn't Always Good • Forests Under Siege by Exotic Insects & Disease • Snags & Logs (2007)

Posters (Wilderness): Forever Wild • Renewal • Solitude • Untrammeled • Using Traditional Tools (2008)

Predicting the vulnerability of streams to episodic acidification and potential effects on aquatic biota in Shenandoah National Park, Virginia USGS Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5259 (Karen C. Rice, Frank A. Deviney Jr., George M. Hornberger and James R. Webb, 2006)

Prioritizing Forest Communities and Areas for the Use of Prescribed Fire at Shenandoah National Park NPS Natural Resource Technical Report NPS/SHEN/NRTR—2012/625 (Carolyn G. Mahan, John A. Young and Melissa Forder, September 2012)

Rappahannock and Rockingham County Condemnation Records

Recreation and Parks: A Social Study at Shenandoah National Park Scientific Monograph Series No. 10 (Glen E. Haas, 1977)

Report, Handling, and Processing Dead Birds Suspected of Having West Nile Virus, Shenandoah National Park (September 17, 2003)

Resource Management Newsletters: Spring 2003 • Spring 2004 • Spring 2005 • Spring 2006 • Spring 2007 • 2008 • 2009 • 2010

Rock Outcrop (Cliff) Management Project

A Natural Heritage Inventory of the Rock Outcrops of Shenandoah National Park Final Report (Gary P. Fleming, Allen Belden, Jr., Kevin E. Heffernan, Anne C. Chazal, Nancy E. Van Alstine and Eric M. Butler, 2007)

An Assessment of Recreation Impacts to Cliff and Rock Outcrop Environments in Shenandoah National Park Final Report (Jeffrey L. Marion and Chris Carr, July 2007)

Assessing Recreation Impacts to Cliffs in Shenandoah National Park: Integrating Visitor Observation with Trail and Recreation Site Measurements (Kerry T. Wood, Steven R. Lawson and Jeffrey L. Marion, extract from Journal of Park and Recreation Administration, Vol. 24 No. 4, Winter 2006)

Character and Condition of Geological Resources of Interest to the Rock Outcrop Management Project Final Report 2006 (Eric Butler, October 31, 2006)

Mapping Outcrops in Shenandoah National Park Final Report for 2006 (John Young, December 1, 2006)

Rock Outcrop Management Plan Environmental Assessment/Assessment of Effect (September 2008)

Social Science Research on Recreational Use and Users of Shenandoah National Park's Rock Outcrops and Cliffs Study Completion Report (Steve Lawson, Kerry Wood, Karen Hockett, Steve Bullock, Brett Kiser and Aurora Moldovanyi, November 2006)

Runoff for selected sites in Shenandoah National Park, Virginia, July 18, 1981, through July 17, 1982 USGS Open-File Report 88-98 (W.A. Gebert, David J. Graczyk and William R. Krug, 1988)

Scientific Publications Guideline, Shenandoah National Park (April 19, 2005)

Sedimentary Fabrics of Stratified Slope Deposits at a Site near Hoover's Camp, Shenandoah National Park, Virginia USGS Open-File Report 2004-1059 (Joseph P. Smoot, 2004)

Sensitivity of stream basins in Shenandoah National Park to acid deposition USGS Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4115 (D.D. Lynch and N.B. Dise, 1985)

Shenandoah National Park: Fish in Sensitive Habitats, Project Final Report, Volume I (A.J. Bulger, B.J. Cosby, C.A. Dolloff, K.N. Eshleman, J.R. Webb and J.N. Galloway, 2000)

Shenandoah National Park Natural Resource Condition Assessment: April 2017 Revision NPS Natural Resource Report NPS/SHEN/NRR—2017/1429 (Simon Costanzo, Brianne Walsh, Alex Fries, Suzanne Spitzer, Jane Hawkey, Vanessa Vargas, Todd Lookingbill, Brian Webb, Samantha Easby, Claire Goelst and Matt Rouch, April 2017)

Shenandoah National Park Long-Term Ecological Monitoring System User Manuals NPS/NRSHEN/NRTR-90/02 (F. William Ravlin, J. Reese Voshell, Jr., David Wm. Smith, Susan L. Rutherford, Stephen W. Hiner, David A. Haskell, 1st ed. September 1990)

SNP:FISH

Shenandoah National Park: Fish In Sensitive Habitats Project Final Report, Volume I — Project Description and Summary of Results (A.J. Bulger, B.J. Cosby, C.A. Dolloff, K.N. Eshleman, J.R. Webb and J.N. Galloway, 1999)

Shenandoah National Park: Fish In Sensitive Habitats Project Final Report, Volume II — Stream Water Chemistry and Discharge, and Synoptic Water Quality Surveys (A.J. Bulger, B.J. Cosby, C.A. Dolloff, K.N. Eshleman, J.R. Webb and J.N. Galloway, 1999)

Shenandoah National Park: Fish In Sensitive Habitats Project Final Report, Volume III — Basin-wide Habitat and Population Inventories, and Behavioral Responses to Acid in a Laboratory Stream (A.J. Bulger, B.J. Cosby, C.A. Dolloff, K.N. Eshleman, J.R. Webb and J.N. Galloway, 1999)

Shenandoah National Park: Fish In Sensitive Habitats Project Final Report, Volume IV — Stream Bioassays, Aluminum Toxicity, Species Richness and Stream Chemistry, and Models of Susceptibility to Acidification (A.J. Bulger, B.J. Cosby, C.A. Dolloff, K.N. Eshleman, J.R. Webb and J.N. Galloway, 1999)

Species Lists: Amphibians • Birds • Butterflies • Ferns & Lycophytes • Fish • Grasses, Sedges & Rushes • Mammals • Plants • Reptiles • Trees, Shrubs & Vines • Wildflowers

Suggestions on the Development of a History of the Region Now Embracing Shenandoah National Park (Herbert S. Zim, January 1944)

Surficial geology of Shaver Hollow, Shenandoah National Park USGS Open-File Report 98-343 (Benjamin A. Morgan, 1998)

The Nature of Shenandoah: A Naturalist's Story of a Mountain Park (HTML edition) (Napier Shelton, 1975)

The Road Inventory of Shenandoah National Park (December 1999)

The Skyline Drive Landscape Report (The Institute for the History of Technology and Industrial Archaeology, 1993)

The Trout Fishery in Shenandoah National Park Special Scientific Report--Fisheries No. 395 (Robert E. Lennon, November 1961)

Topographic Map: Shenandoah National Park (North Section), VA Scale: 1:62,500 (USGS, 1975)

Topographic Map: Shenandoah National Park (South Section), VA Scale: 1:62,500 (USGS, 1975)

Vegetation Inventory and Monitoring Workshop for Shenandoah National Park (Carolyn Mahan, September 11, 2000)

Vegetation of Shenandoah National Park in Relation to Environmental Gradients, Version 2.0 NPS Technical Report NPS/NER/NRTR-2009/142 (John Young, Gary Fleming, Wendy Cass and Chris Lea, December 2009)

Virginia Special Places in Peril: Jamestown, Chincoteague, and Shenandoah Threatened by Climate Disruption (Stephen Saunders and Tom Easley, ©The Rocky Mountain Climate Organization and Natural Resources Defense Council, September 2010, all rights reserved)

Visitor Services Conference (October 5-9, 1953)

Visitor Statistics, Shenandoah National Park (2006)

Visitor Study: Summer and Fall 2011, Shenandoah National Park NPS Natural Resource Report NPS/NRSS/EQD/NRR—2012/584 (Marc F. Manni, Wayde Morse, Yen Le and Steven J. Hollenhorst, October 2012)

Water-quality data of soil water from three watersheds, Shenandoah National Park, Virginia, 1999-2000 USGS Open-File Report 2001-236 (Karen C. Rice, Suzanne W. Maben and James R. Webb, 2001)

Water Resources Scoping Report: Shenandoah National Park, Virginia NPS Technical Report NPS/NRWRS/NRTR-2004/320 (David L. Vana-Miller and Don P. Weeks, August 2004)

What's up with the air? Shenandoah National Park (c2003)

Wilderness Study, Shenandoah National Park, Virginia (1971)

Shenandoah National Park

The following visual bibliography is just a sampling of the handbooks and books which have been published for this park. NPSHistory.com does not endorse these, but are merely presenting them for informational purposes only. As most are copyrighted, we are only able to provide the covers, and not contents, of these publications.

cover only Herbert Hoover's Hideaway: The Story of Camp Hoover on the Rapidan River in Shenandoah National Park Darwin Lambert 1971	The Nature of Shenandoah: A Naturalist's Story of a Mountain Park 1975	cover only Fox Hollow Trail 1982	cover only The Fox Hollow Trail Date Unknown
cover only Traces Nature Trail 1986	cover only A Hiker's Guide: Geology Old Rag Mountain Date Unknown	cover only Everything Was Wonderful: A Pictorial History of the Civilian Conservation Corps in Shenandoah National Park Reed L. Engle 1999	cover only The Undying Past of Shenandoah National Park Darwin Lambert 2001
cover only In the Light of the Mountain Moon: An Illustrated History of Skyland Reed L. Engle 2003	cover only In the Shadow of Ragged Mountain: Historical Archaeology of Nicholson, Corbin, & Weakley Hollows Audrey Horning 2004	cover only Stony Man Trail 2004	cover only The Greatest Single Feature...A Sky-Line Drive: 75 Years of a Mountaintop Motorway Reed L. Engle 2006
cover only Hikes to Peaks & Vistas 2002-2010	cover only Short Hikes 2002-2010	cover only Hikes to Waterfalls 2005-2011	cover only Easy Hikes on the Appalachian National Scenic Trail in Shenandoah National Park Date Unknown
cover only The Edge of the Sky: Shenandoah National Park Road Guide Rose Houk 2006	cover only Herbert Hoover's Hideway: The Story of President Hoover's Summer Retreat Darwin Lambert & Reed L. Engle 2011	cover only 2011	cover only Shenandoah: A Story of Conservation and Betrayal Sue Eisenfeld 2014